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26.  Rupprich 1956,  1:166; Goris and Marlier  1971,  84.  36.  Rupprich 1956,  1:106-108, no. 51;  Strauss  19743,  43-  Rupprich 1956, 1:160,  162,  163,  165, and  168;  Goris
                 He also received a tortoise  shell from Bernard  4:2246-2247,  no. 1523/11. On monkeys in the  and  Marlier  1971,  72, 77, 79, 83, 86.
                 Stecher.                                   Middle Ages and the  Renaissance, Horst  W. Janson,  44.  Ezio Bassani and William  B. Fagg, Africa  and  the
              27.  Rupprich 1956,  1:154,  156,  157,  175;  Goris and  Mar-  Apes  and Ape  Lore in the  Middle  Ages and  the  Renaissance: Art  in Ivory  (New York, 1988), 53;  for
                 lier  1971,  63, 65-66, 67, 97-98 (Malaca here  refers  Renaissance  (London, 1952), and Lach  1970,  the saltcellars, 62-81  and 225-231.
                 to Malacca, not the  Spanish Malaga).      2.1:175-178.                            45.  Rupprich 1956,  1:152 (also 181,  ns.  132-133); Goris
              28.  Strauss 19743, 2:604-605, no.  1502/7;  also Koreny  37.  Rupprich 1956,  1:166; Goris and Marlier 1971,  83.  and Marlier 1971,  59.
                 1988,  116,  fig. ^.^-Renaissance  Drawings from  the  38.  Rupprich 1956,  1:165; Goris and Marlier 1971,  82.  46.  Rupprich 1956,  1:166; Goris and Marlier 1971,  83.
                 Ambrosiana  (Notre Dame,  1984-1985), 192-193, no.  For the  Portuguese factors,  see Veth and Muller  47.  Rupprich 1956,  1:156, 162,  165,  and  166;  Goris and
                 84.  For the  symbolism of parrots, Emil Karel Josef  1918,  251-260; Goris 1925,  215-236.  Marlier  1971,  65, 76, 81, 84.
                 Reznicek,  "De reconstructie van  YAltaer van S.  39.  Veth and Muller  1918,  254-259; Goris 1925,  231-  48.  Rupprich 1956,  1:156 (also 185,  no. 225); Goris and
                 Lucas' van Maerten van Heemskerck,"  Oud-Holland  232.  For the  Saint Jerome, Erwin Panofsky,  Albrecht  Marlier,  1971,  66.
                 70 (1955), 238-241;  Lach  1970,  2.1:179-180.  On  Durer, 2 vols. (Princeton, 1943), 211-213;  Fedja  49.  Rupprich 1956,  1:166; Goris and Marlier  1971,  84.
                 parrots and exotic birds in the  Middle Ages and the  Anzelewsky, Albrecht Durer.  Das malerische  Werk  50.  Respectively Rupprich 1956,  1:152 and  164;  Goris
                 Renaissance, Adolf Rieth, "Papageiendarstellungen  (Berlin, 1971), 122-123, no.  14, figs.  12-13.  and Marlier  1971,  59 and 80.
                 in der mittelalterliche Kunst Siidwestdeutschlands,"  40.  Strauss  19743, 4:2012—2013, no.  1521/8; Jean  51.  See respectively Rupprich  1956,  1:163  (191,  n.  412)
                 Nachrichtenblatt  der Denkmalpflege  in  Baden-  Devisse and Michel Mollat, Africans  in the  Chris-  and  163-164; Goris and Marlier  1971,  79.
                 Wurttemberg  7 (1964), 53-55;  Lach  1970,  2.1:178-  tian  Ordinance  of  the  World. Fourteenth  to the  Six-  52.  For a sixteenth-century  collection in Nuremberg,
                 18 3.                                      teenth Century,  vol  11.2 of  The  Image  of  the  Black  in  see Detlef Heikamp, "Diirers Entwiirfe  fur Geweih-
              29.  Emil Reicke,  Willibald  Pirckheimers  Briefwechsel,  2  Western  Art  (Lausanne, 1979),  253, fig. 263. For  leuchter," Zeitschrift  fur  Kunstgeschichte  23 (1960),
                 vols.  (Munich, 1940-1956), 1:257-258; Lach  1970,  blacks in Antwerp,  Goris 1925,  31—32.  48-51.
                 2.1:179-180.                            41.  Rupprich 1956,  1:156 and  166;  Goris and Marlier  53.  Rolf Fritz, Die Gefasse  aus Kokosnuss  in  Mittel-
              30.  Goetz, Freiherr von Polnitz, Jakob  Fugger...  2 vols.  1971,  65 and  83.          europa.  1520—1800 (Mainz, 1983),  13-18.
                 (Tubingen,  1949-1951),  179;  Lach 1970,  2.1:180.  42.  For the  import  of Chinese  porcelain in Europe, see  54.  Rupprich 1956,  1:176; Goris  and Marlier  1971,  100.
              31.  Erich Konig, Konrad  Peutingers  Briefwechsel  Lach  1970,  2.1, 104-109;  and David  Whitehouse,  55.  I have not  discussed the  studies of foreign costumes
                 (Munich, 1923), 77-78;  Lach  1970,  2.1:22.  "Chinese Porcelain in Medieval Europe."  Medieval  that  Diirer made in the  Netherlands. For his study of
              32.  John Hemming,  Red Gold.  The Conquest  of  the  Bra-  Archaeology  16 (1973), 63-78.  For their  representa-  Irish warriors  and peasants,  see cat.  208;  also Henry
                 zilian  Indians  (London, 1978),  5.       tion in Italian paintings of the  late fifteenth  and  Foster McClintock, Old Irish  and  Highland  Dress
              33.  Hugh  Honour,  The New  Golden  Land.  European  early sixteenth  century, A.  I. Spriggs,  "Oriental  (Dundalk, 1950),  30-31.  For the  drawings of Livo-
                 Images  of America from  the  Discoveries to  the  Porcelain in Western  Painting.  1450-1700," Transac-  nian women,  Strauss  19743, 4:2066-2071, nos.
                 Present  Time  (New York,  1975),  8, pi. i; also Wilma  tions  of  the  Oriental  Ceramic  Society  36 (1967),  73-  1521/37—1521/39;  also Ursula Mende,  "Diirers
                 George, Animals  and Maps  (London, 1969),  60.  74, pis. 57-59: two of the earliest examples are  Zeichnungen  livlandischer Frauentrachten und  seine
              34.  Walter  L. Strauss,  The Complete  Engravings, Etch-  Francesco Benaglio's Madonna  and  Child and  Feast  sogenannte Tiirkin," in Kunstgeschichtliche  Aufsatze
                 ings, and  Drawings  of Albrecht  Diirer (New York,  of  the  Gods by Giovanni Bellini and Titian, both  in  von  seinen  Schulern  und Freunden  des Heinz  Laden-
                 1972), 42-43, no.  21; Walter  L. Strauss,  The  Intaglio  the National Gallery of Art.  For an interesting  but  dorf  zum 29. Juni  1969 gewidmet  (Cologne, 1969),
                 Prints  of Albrecht  Diirer. Engravings, Etchings  and  problematic link between  a drawing from Diirer's  24-40. See also Sebastian Killermann, Diirers  Werk.
                 Drypoints  (New York, 1976), 69-70, no. 21.  circle and Chinese  porcelain,  see Robert  Schmidt,  Eine natur- und kulturgeschichtliche  Untersuchung
              35.  B. Greiff,  "Tagebuch des Lucas Rem aus den Jahren  "China  bei Diirer,"  Zeitschrift  des deutschen  Vereins  (Regensburg, 1953),  67-69.
                 1494-1541," Sechsundzwanzigster  Jahres-bericht  des  fur  Kunstwissenschaft  6 (1939), 103-108.  (For por-  56.  See my  essay  "Early European Images of America,"
                 historischen  Kreis-vereins... von Schwaben  und  celain in Europe in the  Middle Ages,  see also cats.  note i, in this catalogue.
                 Neuburg  (Augsburg, 1861), 31; Lach, 1970,  2.1:22.  15-16).









































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