Page 71 - American English File Student Book 3A

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future forms - going to show s that you have made a decision.
We’re going to get married next year.
b e g o in g to + b a se fo rm - the present continuous em phasizes that you have made
the arrangem ents. We’re getting married on October 12th.
future plans and intentions 1 17)))
(= we've ordered the invitations, etc.)
M y sister’s going to adopt a child.
• W e often use the present continuous w ith verbs relating
Are you going to buy a new' car o r a used one?
to travel arrangem ents, e.g., go, come, arrive, leave, etc.
I’m not going to go to N ew Y o rk C ity tom orrow . The I’m going to Tokyo tomorrow and coming back on Tuesday.
m eeting is canceled.
w ill + b a s e fo rm
predictions 1 18)))
instant decisions, promises, offers, predictions, 1 20)))
T h e Yankees are going to win. They're playing really w ell.
L o o k at those black clouds. I th in k it ’s going to rain. future facts, suggestions
I’l l have the steak, (instant decision)
I won’t tell anybody where you are. (prom ise)
• W e use going to ( N O T will / won’t) w hen we have already
decided to do som ething. N O T My sister will adoprcrchikh I’l l carry that bag fo r you. (offer)
Y o u ’ ll lo v e N ew Y o rk C ity ! (prediction)
• W e also use going to to m ake a prediction about the future,
I’l l b e hom e a ll afternoon, (future fact)
especially w hen you can see o r have som e evidence
(e.g., black clouds).
I’ll have the steak.
p re s e n t c o n tin u o u s : b e + v e rb + -in g

future arrangements 1 19)))
L o rn a and James are getting m arried in O ctober.
We’re meeting at 10:00 tom orrow in jack's office.
Jane’s leaving on Friday and coming back next Tuesday.
W e use will / won’t (N O T the simple present) for instant decisions,
prom ises, offers, and suggestions. N O T Icarry that bagforyou.
• W e often use the present continuous fo r future arrangem ents. • W e can also use will / won’t for predictions, e.g., I think the
• There is very little difference betw een the present continuous Yankees will win, and to talk about fu ture facts, e.g., The
and going to for future plans / arrangem ents, and often you election will be on March 1st.
can use either.

a (C irc le ) th e c o rre c t fo rm . C h e c k / the b C o m p le te B ’s re p lie s w ith a c o rre c t fu tu re fo rm .
senten ce i f b o th a re p o ssib le .
A W h a t's y o u r step m o ther g o in g to do a b o ut her car?
M y grandparents are going to retire / will retire B She’s going to buy a used one, (buy)
next year. /
1 A I’m g o in g to m iss you.
1 We’U invite / We’re going to in v ite y o u r B D o n 't w o rry . I p ro m ise I _________ every day. (w rite)
parents fo r S u n d ay lunch?
2 A W h a t are A la n 's p lans fo r the future?
2 I’m going to make / I’ll make a cake fo r y o u r
B H e _________ a degree in en g in eerin g, (earn)
m om 's b irth d ay, i f you w ant.
3 A C a n I see you to n ig h t?
3 I’m not having / I’m not going to have d in n e r
B N o , I _________ late. H o w about Saturd ay? (w ork)
w ith m y fa m ily tonig ht.
4 A W h a t w o u ld you lik e fo r an ap petizer?
4 T h e e xam will be / is being o n the last F rid a y
B I _________ the sh rim p , please, (have)
o f the sem ester.
5 A T h e re ’s n o th in g in the re frig e rator.
5 Y ou ca n tru st m e. I’m not telling / 1 won’t tell
B O K . _________ w e __________som e take-out M e x ic a n fo o d? (get)
anyone w h at you to ld me.
6 A I d o n ’t have an y m oney, so I ca n 't go out.
6 M y co u sin is arriving / will arrive at 5:30 p.m.
7 I th in k the b irth ra te will go down / is going to B N o p rob lem , I _________ you som e, (lend)
go down in m y c o u n try in the n ext few years. 7 A C a n w e have a barbecue to m o rro w ?
8 I ’m not going to go / I won’t go to m y bro th er- B I d o n ’t th in k so. O n the ra d io they said that i t _________ . (rain)
in -la w ’s p a rty n e xt w eekend. 8 A W e la n d at about eight o ’clock.
9 I’m going to help / I’ll help you w ith the dishes. B _________ y o u __________a rid e fro m the a irp o rt? (need)
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Online Practice 133