Page 72 - American English File Student Book 3A

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present perfect and simple past s im p le p a s t (w o rk e d , s to p p e d , w e n t, had, etc.)

present perfect: h a v e /h a s + past participle (w o rke d , seen, etc.) They got m arried last year. 1 43)))
W h a t tim e did you wake up this m orning?
1 past experiences 1 42))) I didn’t have tim e to do m y hom ew ork.
I’ve been to M ia m i but l haven’t been to Tam pa.
H a v e you ever lo s t you r credit card?
• Use the sim ple past for fin ish ed past actions
S a lly has never met B ill’s ex-wife.
(when we say, ask, o r kno w w hen they happened).
2 with yet and already (for emphasis)
l ’ve already se e n th is m ovie tw ice. C a n ’t we w atch another one?
J p re s e n t p e r fe c t o r s im p le p a s t?
M y brother h a s n ’t fo u n d a job yet. H e's s till looking.
H a v e you fin is h e d you r hom ew ork yet? N o, not yet. I’ve been to M ia m i tw ice. 1 44)))
(= in my life up to now)
1 W e use the present perfect for past experiences w hen we don't say exactly I went there in 1998 and 2002.
w hen they happened. (= on tw o specific occasions)
• W e often use ever and never w hen we ask o r talk about past
experiences. T h e y go before the m ain verb. • U se the sim ple past ( N O T the present perfect)
2 In A m e rica n E ng lish , we use the present perfect and the sim ple past w ith to ask o r talk about fin ish ed actions in the past,
yet and already. when the time is mentioned or understood.
• already is used in 0 sentences and goes before the m ain verb. W e often use a past tim e expression, e.g.,
yesterday, last week, etc.
• yet is used w ith Q sentences and [?]. It goes at the end o f the phrase.
• F o r irre g u la r past particip les see I r r e g u la r v e rb s p.165.

a C o m p le te th e m in i d ia lo g u e s w ith the b R ig h t o r w ro n g ? W r ite a c h e c k / o r a n /
p re se n t p e rfe c t fo r m o f th e v e rb in n e x t to th e sen ten ces. C o r r e c t th e w ro n g
p a re n th e se s an d an a d ve rb fro m th e list. sentences.
Y o u ca n use th e a d ve rb s m o re th a n once.
I’ve never been in debt. </
H o w m uch has y o u r new cam era cost? X
already ever never yet
How much did your new camera cost?
A _________y o u __________ the
1 D e a n in h e rite d $ 5 ,0 0 0 fro m a relative.
lo tte r y _________ ? (play)
B T h a t's w h y I’m s m ilin g - 1 w o n $5 0! 2 D id y o u r sister pay y o u b a ck yet?
1 A _________y o u _____________________a flig h t o n lin e ? (book) 3 W e b o o ked o u r v a ca tio n o n lin e a
B Yes, o f course. I’ve done it m a n y tim es. m o n th ago.
2 A W h e n are you g o in g to b u y a m oto rcycle?
4 W h e n have you b o u ght that leather jacket?
B S o o n . I ___________________ a lm o s t$ l,0 0 0 . (save)
5 T h e y 'v e fin ish e d p a y in g b a ck the lo a n last
3 A _________y o u __________ the e le c tric ity b i l l _________ ? (pay)
m onth.
B N o , sorry. I forgot.
4 A _________ y o u r p a re n ts____________________ y o u m oney? (lend) 6 W e haven’t paid the gas b ill yet.
B Yes, but I paid it back as so o n as I could. 7 H a ve you ever w asted a lo t o f m o n ey on
5 A H o w does eBay w o rk? so m eth in g ?
B I d o n ’t know . I ______________________________it. (use)
8 I’m sure I haven’t b o rro w e d any m oney
6 A _________y o u _____________________to T h a ila n d ? (be)
fro m you last w eek.
B N o , I haven’t. B u t I'd lik e to som e day.
9 I spent m y sa la ry re a lly q u ic k ly la st m onth.
7 A W h y d o n 't y o u have any m oney?
B I ___________________ m y salary. I b o u ght a n e w tablet 10 H ave you seen the B a tm a n m o vie o n T V
last w eek, (spend) yesterday?
8 A D o you lik e H u g h Jackm an? < p.!6
B Yes, I ___________________ h is n e w m o vie tw ice! (see)