Page 78 - American English File Student Book 3A

languagedownload.ir
5 A

past tenses p a s t p e rfe c t: h a d + p a s t p a rtic ip le

s im p le p a st: w o rke d , s to p p e d , w e n t, had, e tc . W h en they turned on the TV, the game had already 3 12)))
finished.
She was bo rn in Seoul. 3 10))) A s soon as I shut the door, I realized that I’d left m y keys on
They got m arried last year. the table.
O n the w ay to R om e we stopped in Florence fo r the night. W e could n’t get a table in the restaurant because we hadn’t
T h e plane didn’t arrive on tim e. booked one.
W h a t tim e did you get up th is m orning?
• W e use the past perfect w hen we are ta lk in g about the past
• W e use the sim ple past fo r fin ish ed actions in the past (when and we w ant to talk about an earlier past action. Com pare:
we say, ask, o r know w hen they happened).
When John arrived, they went out. (= first John arrived and
• Rem em ber Irregular verbs p. 165. then they w ent out)
When John arrived, they had gone out. (= they w ent out before
p a s t c o n tin u o u s : w a s / w e re + v e rb + -in g John arrived)

1 W h a t were you doing at six o ’clo ck last night? 3 ID))
u s in g n a rra tiv e te n s e s to g e th e r
2 1 was driving along the freeway w hen it started snowing.
3 W h ile 1 was doing the housew ork the ch ild re n were
It was a cold night and it was raining. 1 was 3 13)))
playing in the yard.
watching T V in the liv in g room . Suddenly 1 heard a knock
4 It was a cold n ight and it was raining. I was watching T V
at the door. 1 got up and opened the door. B ut there was
in the liv in g room ...
nobody there. T h e person w ho had knocked on the door
had disappeared...
1 W e use the past continuous to talk about an action in progress
at a sp ecific tim e in the past.
• Use the past continuous (was mining, was watching) to set
2 W e often use the past continuous to describe a past action in the scene.
progress that was interrupted by another action (expressed in
• U se the sim ple past (heard, got up, etc.) to say w hat happened.
the sim ple past).
• U se the past perfect (had knocked, had disappeared) to say
3 W e often use the past continuous w ith while fo r tw o actions
w hat happened before the previous past action.
happening at the same tim e.
4 W e often use the past continuous to describe the b eg inn ing o f
a story o r anecdote.

a > th e c o rre c t fo rm . b C o m p le te w ith th e s im p le past, p a st c o n tin u o u s , o r
p a st p e rfe ct.
T h e teacher gave R o b b ie a zero because he cheated /
<Juld~cheate$> on the exam . T h e m a rath on ru n n e r was sweating w hen she crossed
1 T h e y d id n ’t w in the gam e a lth o u g h they were training / the fin is h lin e, (sweat, cross)
had trained every evening. 1 T h e a c c id e n t_________ w h e n th e y __________hom e.
2 M ik e had a n accident w h ile he drove / was driving (happen, drive)
to w ork. 2 T h e c ro w d _________ w hen the re fe ree __________ the
3 I cleaned / had cleaned the house w h en I got hom e. It fin a l w h istle , (cheer, blow )
lo o ke d great. 3 I _________ her at firs t because s h e __________so m uch.
4 W h e n w e arrive d , the gam e started / had started. W e go (not re co g n ize , change)
there just in tim e and saw the w ho le game! 4 T h e p o lic e _________ her on the freew ay because she
5 T h e ca p ta in didn’t score / hadn’t scored an y goals w hen _________ a seat belt, (stop, n ot wear)
the referee ejected h im . 5 S o m e o f the p la y e rs_________ w h ile the c o a c h ________
6 M y son got in ju re d w h ile he played / wasplaying to them , (not liste n , talk)
ba ske tb a ll last Saturday. 6 W e _________ use the s k i slo p e because i t __________
7 L u c k ily , w e stopped / had stopped s k iin g w h en the enough, (not can, n o t snow )
sn o w sto rm started. W e w ere alre a d y ba ck at the hotel. 7 T h e y _________ play te n n is because th e y __________a
8 T h e L akers weren’t losing / hadn’t lost any o f th e ir co u rt, (not able to, n o t book)
gam es d u rin g th e ir trip to the E a st C o ast. 8 T h e p la y e r_________ a y e llo w card because h e ________
9 T h e referee suspended the gam e because it was mining / h is s h irt, (get, take o ff)
mined to o hard to play.
< p . 4 6