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Another membrane protein that binds cGMP is called an ion channel. It acts as a gateway that regulates
the number of sodium ions in the cell. Normally the ion channel
allows sodium ions to flow into the cell, while a separate protein
actively pumps them out again. The dual action of the ion channel and
pump keeps the level of sodium ions in the cell within a narrow range.
When the amount of cGMP is reduced because of cleavage by the
phosphodiesterase, the ion channel closes, causing the cellular
concentration of positively charged sodium ions to be reduced. This
causes an imbalance of charge across the cell membrane which,
finally, causes a current to be transmitted down the optic nerve to the
4
brain. The result, when interpreted by the brain, is vision.
Can you believe this complex system happened by chance? No, it
speaks of an intelligent Designer!

2. The universe had a start - what caused it?

Scientists are convinced that our universe began with one enormous
explosion of energy and light, which we now call the Big Bang. This was the
singular start to everything that exists: the beginning of the universe, the
start of space, and even the initial start of time itself.

Astrophysicist Robert Jastrow, a self-described agnostic, stated, "The seed
of everything that has happened in the Universe was planted in that first
instant; every star, every planet and every living creature in the Universe came into being as a result of
events that were set in motion in the moment of the cosmic explosion...The Universe flashed into being,
and we cannot find out what caused that to happen." 5

Steven Weinberg, a Nobel laureate in Physics, said at the moment of this explosion, "the universe was
about a hundred thousand million degrees Centigrade...and the universe was filled with light."
6
The universe has not always existed. It had a start...what caused that? Scientists have no explanation for
the sudden explosion of light and matter. No, we understand that it was spoken into existence by a
Creator!

3. The universe operates by uniform laws of nature. Why does it?

Much of life may seem uncertain, but look at what we can count on day after day: gravity remains
consistent, a hot cup of coffee left on a counter will get cold, the earth rotates in the same 24 hours, and
the speed of light doesn't change -- on earth or in galaxies far from us.

4 Biochemistry of Vision by Hitoshi Schichi, 1983
5 A Scientist Caught Between Two Faiths: Interview with Robert Jastrow," Christianity Today, August 6, 1982
6 https://todayinsci.com/W/Weinberg_Steven/WeinbergSteven-
Quotations.htm#:~:text=At%20about%20one%2Dhundredth%20of,(1011)%20degrees%20Centigrade.

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