Page 119 - The Wellington photographic handbook

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will be necessary for vignettes or for prints to be toned to a warm
colour.
Too many prints should not be placed in the toning bath at
a time, or they cannot be properly watched. As soon as it is
judged that toning has been carried far enough, the print is removed
and placed in clean water. In this it must be kept moving for the
first minute or so and the water changed, or the toning action will
continue and the print when finished will be of a colder tone than
was intended.
THE FIXING BATH.
The prints are transferred one by one from the washing water
to a solution of hypo. The strength recommended is-
Hypo ... 2 ounces 50 grammes
Water to 20 „ 500 c.c.
This should be made some little time before use,' as freshly
dissolved hypo falls to a very low temperature, and is consequently
slow in action. The prints must remain in the solution for at least
ten minutes, and must not be left in a solid mass, but should be
kept moving separately all the time. More prints go wrong through
imperfect fixing than through insufficient washing.

COMBINED TONING AND FIXING.
Many people like to use one solution for the two-fold purpose
of toning and fixing ; and while the Combined Bath is not to be
recommended, it will give very beautiful tones, with a minimum
of trouble.
When this method is to be used, the prints should first be
treated by immersion for ten minutes in a solution of half-an-ounce
of sodium sulphite (15 grammes) in a pint (550 c.c.) of water
This preliminary treatment with sodium sulphite prevents after-
yellowing of the prints by age. After thorough washing in many
changes of water, they are then toned and fixed in the following
solution :
g 95