Page 104 - Maukon

um
310
rvdk/
onf/
aMumif;
-
ygwDwGif
tvSnfhuspHknD
1-2-93
wifjyonf/
pHknDtpnf;ta0;
&ufaeY
rJay;qHk;jzwfjcif;rsm;r&Sday/
tpnf;ta0;
csjyaqG;aEG;NyD;
obmywd
9
tpktzGJUwdkif;
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' jyifqifjcif;
OD;tzGJU
obmywdtzGJUodkY
&Sif;&Sif;pmay
pHknDtpnf;ta0;NyD;onfh

ygwDoabmxm;&,lvdkuvnf;
aemufaeYwGif
tvSnfhajymif;onf/
aom acgif;pOfrsm;&&Sdatmif nd§EIdif;oGm;Mu&efjzpfaMumif; wifjyonf/
obmywdig;OD;pD&SdoGm;ayNyD/
1996
oGm;a&mufwm0ef,l&onf/

jzifh &Sif;vif;wifjyonf/ tcef;tvdkufacgif;pOfrsm; aqG;aEG;&mü b,fESpf&uf twGif;
NyD;pD;&rnf[k uefYowfrxm;yg/ udk,fpm;vS,frsm; pdwfwdkif;us tm;yg;w& aqG;aEG;Edkifyg
obmywdig;OD;pD a&G;cs,fwifajr§mufMuonf/ obmywdwifajr§muf&mü NydKifqdkifjcif;?
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;u tjcm;EdkifiHrsm;rS tajccHOya'rsm;udk avhvmvdkonf/ jyifyodkY
us owfrSwfum xdkaeYtpnf;ta0;udk BuD;Muyf&onf/ obmywdig;OD;rS wpfOD;u
Ekwfy,fjcif; ponfjzifh udk,fpm;vS,frsm; qE´&Sdovdk aqG;aEG;tBuHjyKwifjyEdkifaMumif;
tpnf;ta0;rsm;udk obmywdoHk;OD;u BuD;Muyfonf/ tv,fxdkifobmywdudk tvSnfh
oGm;a&mufavhvmvdkonfqdkvQifrnf; rdrdwdkYpDpOfay;rnf[k OD;atmifwdk;u uwday;
aMumif;? udk,fpm;vS,ftpktzGJU &SpfckpvHk;u tqdkjyKpmwrf; pHkpHkvifvif wifjyNyD;onfh
twGif;&Sd tpktzGJU tpnf;ta0;cef;r toD;oD;wGif tpktzGJUvkduf pnf;a0;Muum
tpktzGJU
wdkYjzpfonf/ OD;atmifwdk;u ,if;tBuHjyKcsuf acgif;pOfrsm;udk jznfhpGufjcif;?
wuúodkvfjrwfol
nd§EIdif;aqG;aEG;&efjzpfaMumif;? rdrdwdkYtBuHjyKwifjyonfh acgif;pOfrsm;udk tb,fhaMumifh
rsm;u pHknbDtpnf;ta0;wGif tjcm;tpktzGJUwifjyonfh acgif;pOfrsm;udk rSwf,lum
rms;wifjyvm&mü uGJvGJaom acgif;pOfrsm;&Sdygu trsm;vufcHonftxd taustvnf
rdrdwdkY tpktzGJUtpnf;ta0; jyefvnfusif;yum rlvrdrdwdkYtBuHjyK wifjyxm; onfh
&Sdonf/ nDvmcH&yfem;&mrS jyefvnfpwifvQif tpktzGJU obmywdig;OD; xyfrHa&G;cs,f&ef
vufcHoifhaMumif;udk taMumif;jycsufrsm; cdkifvHkpGm wifjyoifhaMumif;? tcef;tvdkuf
usKduúqHuGif;
acgif;pOfrsm;udk nd§EIdif;&mü wpfaeYwnf; wpfxdkifwnf; NyD;csifrSNyD;rnf? tcsKdUtpktzGJU
ckESpf?
&yfem;csdeftxd wm0ef,l&onf/ nDvmcHudk wpfv? ESpfv? oHk;vqdkovdk &yfem;avh
tpnf;ta0; obmywdtzGJUwGif tpktzGJU&SpfckrS apvTwfaom tvSnfhusobmywd
,lEdkifMuayonf/
tcgwGifrS trsKd;om;nDvmcH pHknDtpnf;ta0;usif;y? wifjy? nd§EIdif;qHk;jzwfMu&efjzpf
pHknD
EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;u tcef;tvdkufacgif;pOfrsm;udk rdrdwdkYygwDodkY o,faqmifoGm;
trsKd;om;nDvmcH pHknDtpnf;ta0;wGif udk,fpm;vS,ftpktzGJUrsm;u acgif;pOf
acgif;pOfESifh EIdif;,SOfpOf;pm;vdkuvnf; aqG;aEG;Mu&efjzpfaMumif;? tm;vHk;oabmwlnD
&Spfa,mufESifh trsKd;om;nDvmcHusif;ya&; vkyfief;aumfrwDrS wm0efay;onfh obmywd
wpfOD; pkpkaygif; pHknDobmywdtzGJU0if udk;OD;&Sdonf/ xdkobmywdtzGJUonf nDvmcH
EdkifiHwnf armfuGef;rsm;
n
&Sif;&Sif;pmay
qE´cH,lyGJaumfr&SifOuú| OD;atmifwdk;
,lcJh&onf/ aemufqHk;acgif;pOf 15 ckudk nDvmcHu owfrSwfEdkifcJhonf/

rwfv 31 &ufaeY nDvmcH&yfem;onftxd 1993 ckESpf azazmf0g&Dvu a&G;aumuf
ckESpfwGif tpktzGJUrsm;ü vpfvyfaom obmywdae&mrsm; tpm;xdk; a&G;cs,fMu&onf/
OD;a& wdk;wufvmonf/ 702 OD;rS 1081 OD;txd wdk;vmonf/ xdkYaMumifh 2004
311
nDvmcHtpktzGJUtm;vHk;\ tqdkjyKacgif;pOf &maygif;rsm;pGmjzpfvmí jyefvnfnd§EIdif;
1993 ckESpf? azazmf0g&DvwGif tpktzGJu&Spfcku tqdkjyKacgif;pOfrsm; aqG;aEG;Mu&m
ckESpf arv 14 &ufaeY nDvmcHjyefvnfusif;yaomtcgwGifrl udk,fpm;vS,f tjzpf
wifajr§mufonfh tpktzGJU obmywdig;OD; wpfqufwnf; wm0ef,l&onf/ 2004
tajymif;tvJ&Sdvmonf/ tcsKdU ajymif;a&TU? EkwfxGuf? tem;,lMuonf/ udk,fpm;vS,f
312
enf;rlrsm;
( c )
( * )
( i )
(C)
(u)
r[kwfbJ
OD;EdkifpH&Sdef
OD;omZHvS
jynfolxuf0ufausmfu
OD;at;oGif
OD;pdkif;wifhatmif
OD;ref;wifatmifoef;
axmufcHrSom
rl0g'azmfñTef;aom
tpktzGJU?
aumfrwDu atmufygtwdkif; zGJUpnf;ay;onf/
&Sif;&Sif;pmay
vS,frsm;tpktzGJU?
vGwfvyfa&;BudK;yrf;rIumv
rlrsm;jzpfonf/
awmifolv,form;
jyifqifcGifh&Sdap&ayonf/

rnfh pHknDobmywdtzGJUudk 1-2-93 &ufaeYü trsKd;om;nDvmcHusif;ya&; vkyfief;
trsKd;om;nDvmcHusif;ya&; vkyfief;aumfrwD?
wl&rnfhtjyif jynfvHk;uRwf qE´cH,lyGJjyKvkyfNyD; ,if;jyifqifcsufudk rJqE´vmay;onfh
tcef;(1)twGuf trsKd;om;nDvmcH pHknDtpnf;ta0;rsm; usif;yvQif BuD;Muyf&
wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd; udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJU?
udk,fpm;vS,frsm;
a&G;aumufyGJwGif a&G;cs,fcHxm;&aom udk,fpm;
EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;rS udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJU?
wuúodkvfjrwfol
tajccHrlrsm; (Stage Basic Principle or Guidance Principle) [k ac:Muonf/ tajccH
Oya'wpfckvHk;\ t"dutajccHrlrsm; tESpfcsKyfrlrsm;yif jzpfonf/ omref vkyfxHk;vkyf
aqG;aEG;Muonf/ tcef;(1) tajccHrlrsm;udk EdkifiHawmf tajccHrlrsm; (0g) vrf;ñTef
trsdK;om;nDvmcH pHknDtpnf;ta0;rS tajccHOya'topfwGifyg0ifrnfh acgif;
pOf 15 ckudk csrSwfcJhyD;onfhaemuf tcef;(1)wGif tajccHrlrsm; csrSwfEdkif&ef pwif
xdkYaMumifh tcef;(1)rS tajccHrlrsm;udk tvG,fwuljyifqif? jzKwfypf? ajymif;vJypfjcif;
rjyKEdkif&ef jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,ftm;vHk;\ 75 &mcdkifEIef;u oabm
csrSwf&mü tcef; (1)rS oufqdkif&m tajccHrlrsm;udk tajccHí pOf;pm;csrSwf&onf/
,if;tajccHrlrsm;onf
tcef;(2)rSpí useftcef;tm;vHk;rS acgif;pOfrsm;twGuf tao;pdwf tajccH&rnfhrlrsm;