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                                                                   EdkifiHawmfwpf0ef;vHk;ü
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        'a&maomyg; qGJcJh&ojzifh [muGuf? aysmhuGuf? cRwf,Gif;csufrsm;jym;cJh&onf/
                                                             tjcmtmPm&yfBuD;udk jynfolwdkYudk,fpm; udkifpGJusifhoHk;um EdkifiHESifh EdkifiHom;jynfol
                             ponfh jypf'Pfrsm; csrSwfEdkifaom w&m;pD&ifa&; pepfoHk;cJhonf/ e,fcsJUt*Fvdyfacwf
                                                    xdkudk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf pnf;vGwfabmifvGwf xif&mpdkif;NyD; rdrdwdkY oabm
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                                                                                                                 211
                                tkyfcsKyfcJhonf/ jrefrmrsdK;cspfawmfvSefa&;orm;rsm;udk BudK;ay; axmifwpfoufwpfuRef;
                                      e,fcsJUt*FvdyfwdkYu ¤if;wdkYpdwfBudKuf jrefrmjynfolawGudk pdwfwdkif;us zdESdyfcsKyf
                                                          wdkY\ aumif;usdK;udk azmfaqmifay;rnfh jynfolYudk,fpm;vS,f (trwf)rsm;udk jynfolY
                    [lí a&;qGJcGifhr&SdcJhay/ vGwfvyfa&;ay;&awmhrnfh tajcqdkufrS tcsKyftjcmtmPm
                       tmPmESifh EdkifiHydkifeufe,fajrudk vk,uf,liifxm;NyD;jzpfí jrefrmwdkYwGif tajccHOya'
              wdkif;jynfjyKvTwfawmfonf vTwfawmfwpf&yfwnf;om&SdNyD; t"dutm;jzifh tajccHOya'
                 usifhoHk;a&;qdkif&m EdkifiHzGJUpnf;yHk tajccHOyaqGJcGifhay;cJhonf/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;wdkY\
                                              vdkufemMu&rnfh pnf;urf;rsm;udk EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHk tajccHOya'ü twdtus yDyDjyifjyif
                                                 tavsmuf rvkykfMu&ay/ jynfolYudk,fpm;vS,frsm; tcsKyftjcmtmPm usifhoHk;&mü
                                           owfrSwfay;xm;&avonf/ EdkifiHom;wdkY\ rlvtcGifhta&;? Oya'jyKa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;?
                                                                                                                 212
                            onf/
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                                        1988
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                                           jynfajy;vkyfoGm;avh&SdMuayonf/
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                                                                oHk;pdwfuGJaepOf jynfy ya,m*rsm;jzifh cGJxGufrnf wuJuJvkyfvm? e,fcsJUEdkifiHrsm;\
                                                             ppfa&;uvyf[kqdk&rnfh ppftkyfpkBuD;xJ 0ifMurnf wuJuJvkyfvmonfh zuf'&,f
                                                                                                   rvdkvm;? vrf;pOfygwD wpfygwDwnf;u OD;aqmifaom yHkpHudkrBudKuf[k &Spfav;vHk;
                                                                                                umv qlylqE´jyolrsm;u [pfatmfawmif;qdkcJhojzifh jynfvHk;uRwf qE´cH,lyGJwGif
                                                                                             jynfolrJqE´&Sif 90 'or 19 &mcdkifEIef;u axmufcHrJay; twnfjyKcJhonfh 1974
                                                                                                      txd 12 ESpfwdkifwdkif tajccHOya'r&SdcJhay/ 1974 ckESpf Oya'yg qdk&S,fvpfpepfudk
                                                                                                                 wuúodkvfjrwfol
                                                                                                            1974 ckESpf tajccHOya'onf 1962 ckESpf? rwfv 2 &ufrSpNyD; z,f&Sm;ypfcJh
                                                                                                         &onfh 1947 ckESpf tajccHOya;udk tpm;xdk;&efjzpfonf/ 1962 ckESpfrS 1974 ckESpf
                                                                            BuD;pdk;NyD; jynfaxmifpkNydKuGJrwwf jzpfcJh&onf/ þonfrSm EdkifiHa&;orm;wdkY rnDrnGwf
                                                                         jzpfNyD; tcsif;csif;wdkufcdkuftmPmvkMuíjzpfonf/ jynfolYrsufESmaxmufxm;aom
                                                                   1958-59 ckESpfrsm;u tmPm& zqyvBuD;ESpfjcrf;uGJNyD; wpfjcrf;wnf;rSmyif
                                                                               vufeufudkifaomif;usef;olrsm;
                                                                                       1988 ckESpfrS 2008 ckESpftxd EdkifiHawmf tajccHOya' vHk;0r&Sday/ 1988
                                                                                    ckESpf qlylrI? jynfyu usL;ausmfpGufzufrIaMumifh rif;rJhwdkif;jynfyrm jzpfae&onfh
                                                                                  jrefrmEdkifiHudk wyfrawmfu wm0ef,lapmifha&SmufcJh&ayonf/ 1948-49 ckESpfrsm;u
                               acsmif;aeNyD; qif;&Jom; vufvkyfvufpm; jrefrm 60 ausmf 70 cefY acgif;jzwfcH&
                                  jynfyrS ppfoabFmtkyfpkyif jrefrmha&ydkifeuftwGif; usL;ausmf0ifa7mufum usm;acsmif;
                                              olwdkYESifhrqdkifovdk zkwfzufcgxGufoGm;avh&Sdonf/ tmPmvufvGwf&ol? tmPmr&Sd
             at;csrf;a&;? wnfNidrfa&;rsm; aqmif&Gufay;onf/ xdkYaemuf jynfwGif;Nidrf;csrf;a&;
                                        jynfwGif;awmcdkuGefjrLepf?
                   orm;rsm;um; olwdkYrygovdkvdk? olwdkYESifh rqdkifovdkvdk zkwfzufcg xoGm;Mujyefonf/
                wyfrawmfu 18.9.88 &ufaeYrSpNyD; EdkifiHwm0ef,lNyD; Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;? &yf&Gm
                                     ajray:uGefjrLeuf vuf0Jorm;? vuf,mEdkifiHa&;orm;wdkY zefwD;cJhMujcif;jzpfonf/
                                                       xif&mpdkif;vdkaom EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm; jynfolYrsufESmraxmufcJhrIyif jzpfonf/ ,if;
                                                 axmifpkNydKuGJrwwf? vGwfvyfa&;qHk;½IH;vkrwwf jzpfvmwdkif; EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;u
                      vkeD;eD; jzpfcJhonf/ wyfrawmfu rvGJomra&Smifom 0ifxdef;ay;cJh&onf/ EdkifiHa&;
                         jynfaxmifpk NydKuGJ½HkrQru e,fcsJUvufatmuf jyefa&mufum vGwfvyfa&;jyefvnfqHk;½IH;
                                                    zuf'&,fvIyf&Sm;rIqdkolrsm;aMumifh 1947 ckESpf tajccHOya' ed|dwHcJh&jyefonf/ jynf
           ,lay;onf/ EdkifiHawmfwpf0ef; tMum;tvyfr&Sdavmufatmifyif bufpHkzGHUNzdK;atmif
                            azmufxGif;vk,ufcH&onf/
        wnfaqmufay;onf/ wyfrawmftpdk;&u rdrdwdkYonf a&G;aumufyGJjzifh wufvmaom
                                                                            1^90
                                                                            1^90
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                                           3/
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                                                                      1/
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                                                                         nmcJhonf/
                                                                         nmcJhonf/
                                                                         nmcJhonf/
                                                                         nmcJhonf/
                                                                         nmcJhonf/
                                                                            1990
                                                                            1990
                                                                            1990
                                                                            1990
                                                                            1990
                                                                               EdkifiHawmf
                                                                               EdkifiHawmf
                                                                               EdkifiHawmf
                                                                               EdkifiHawmf
                                                                               EdkifiHawmf
                                                                                                                 EdkifiHwnf armfuGef;rsm;
                                                                1988
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                vkyfaqmifvsuf&Sdonf/
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                                                                                  ygwD 238 ygwDyif zGJUpnf;cJhMuonf/
                                                                            27
                                                                            27
                                                                            27
                                                                            27
                                                                            27
        aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sdonf/
                                                                                                         (EdkifiHawmf)tmPmudk
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                                                                   vyfaom tcsKyftjcm tmPmydkifEdkifiHjzpfcJhonf/
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                                              aMunmNyD; EdkifiHawmf\ ta&;udpöt00udk wm0ef,laqmif&GufcJhonf/
                                           EdkifiHawmf Nidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmufa&;tzGJUonf EdkifiHawmf Nidrf0yfydjym;
                                                                                                      Edkif&ef tajccHOya' a&;qGJrnf/ 'Drdkua&pD a&SUvkyfief;pOfckepf&yf csrSwfNyD; jynfolYvuf
                                                                                                1989 ckESpfwGif EdkifiHawmfowif;xkwfjyefa&;tzGJUu 1990 jynfhESpf arv
                                                                                                   odkY EdkifiHawmftmPmudk tajccHOya'ESifhtnD Nidrf;csrf;pgm jyeftyfrnf[k aMunmcJhonf/
                                                                                             a&G;aumufyGJü ta&G;cH&olrsm; EdkifiHawmf tajccHOya'topf a&;qGJ&mü yg0ifMu&rnf/
             EdkifiHawmf Nidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmufa&;tzGJUonf EdkifiHwpf0ef;vHk;wGif
                                                    tygt0if EdkifiHawmftmPmydkif tzGJUtpnf;rsm;udk zsufodrf;vsuf EdkifiHawmf Nidrf0yfydjym;rI
                                                 wnfaqmufa&;tzGJUudk zGJUpnf;um wm0efBuD;av;&yfudk aqmif&GufrnfjzpfaMumif;
                                                                                                                 213
                                                       wyfrawmfu EdkifiHawmf\ tmpmt&yf&yfudk vHk;0wm0ef,lcJhonf/ jynfolYvTwfawmf
                                                                                                            tpdk;&r[kwf? rvGJra&Smifomíom EdkifiHwm0ef,l&onfh tpdk;&omjzpfonf/ jynfolwdkY
                                                             wGif tajctaet&yf&yf ,dk,Gif;ysufjym;cJhonf/ xdkodkY ,dk,Gif;ysufjym;cJhonfh tajc
           vrf;yef;qufoG,frI vHkNcHKacsmarGUap&efESifh wdk;wufaumif;rGefap&eftwGuf aqmif&Guf
                                                          taet&yf&yfudk tcsdefrD xdef;odrf;Edkif&eftwGuf jynfoljynfom; tm;vHk;tusdK;iSm
                                                                                                         jyeftyfay;
                            zufpyfvkyfief;rsm; vkyfudkifEdkifap&eftwGuf t[efYtwm;jzpfapaom Oya'rsm;udk
                         y,fzsufNyD; vdktyfaom Oya'? trdefY? ñTefMum;csuf? Oya'uJhodkY tmPmwnfaom
                                                                      jrefrmEdkifiHonf 1948 ckESpf? Zefe0g&Dv 4 &ufaeYwGif vHk;0 vGwf
                                                                               aMunmcsuftrSwf
                               jynfolrsm;\ pm;0wfaea&; acsmifvnfap&ef yk*¾vdu? or0g,rESifh
                      trdefYrsm;udkvnf; xkwfjyefvsuf vufawGUtaumiftxnfazmf aqmif&Gufvsuf&Sd
                                                                            xkwfjyefaMu
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                                        a&;? w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;ESifh e,fajrat;csrf;om,ma&;wdkYudk xda&mufpGm xdef;odrf;
                                                                                    aMunmcJhjcif;jzpfonf/ ygwDpHkpepfudkvnf; 1988 ckESpf aESmif;ydkif;rS pwifcsrSwfay;cJhí
                                                                                       wm0ef,lNyD; wpfESpfcefYtMumü wyfrawmftpdk;& owif;xkwfjyefa&;tzGJUu xdkuJhodkY
                                                                                          tajccHOya'r&SdbJ EdkifiHawmftmPmudk vTJay;í rjzpfEdkif[k aMunmcJhonf/ EdkifiHawmf
                                                                EdkifiHwpf0ef;vHk;
                                     Edkif&ef vdktyfaom Oya'? trdefY? aMunmcsuf? Oya'uJhodkYtmPmwnfaom trdefY
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                   onf/ xdkYjyif EdkifiHawmf\ a&&SnftusdK;pD;yGm;udk arQmfrSef;í vkyfaqmifoifhonfrsm;udk
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