Page 73 - Maukon

(*)
(*)
(c)
(c)
21/
20/
(u)
EdkifiHwnf armfuGef;rsm;
jcif; jzpfonf/
pDrHcefYcGJrItmPm
pDrHcefYcGJrItmPm
pDrHcefYcGJrItmPm
pDrHcefYcGJrItmPm
w&m;pD&ifrItmPm
w&m;pD&ifrItmPm
w&m;pD&ifrItmPm
oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;
w&m;pD&ifrItmPm
a&;qGJMu&ef wm0ef&Sdonfh yk*¾dKvfrsm;jzpfonf/
&Sif;&Sif;pmay
aMunmvdkufonf/

tjcmtmPm wnfwHhcdkifNrJa&;[lonfh ta&;oHk;yg;

wGif EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzGJU (wyfrawmf)taejzifh -

rsm;udk w&m;½Hk;tqifhqifh zGJUpnf;NyD; ppfaq;pD&ifapvsuf&Sdonf/
vdkufaom udk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf tem*wf'Drdkua&pD EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccH Oya'udk
tcsdefwGif tavhtusifh&ap&ef omref&mZ0wfrIESifh w&m;rrI ponf
wGif yg&Sdaom w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;ESifh e,fajrat;csrf;om,ma&;? vrf;
ygwDrsm;ESifh uif;&Sif;pGm aqmif&GufEdkifap&ef avhusifhaqmif&Gufay;ae
EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzGJU aMunmcsuftrSwf 1^88
xdkYaMumifh ,aeYtajctaewGif jynfolrsm;u a&G;aumufwifajr§muf
usifhoHk;yydkifcGifh&Sdonf/ odkY&mwGif ,if;tmPmudk tpdk;&tzGJU0ifESifhwuG
tpdk;&zGJUjcif;udk rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ vufcHrnfr[kwfonfhjyif xdkodkYaqmif&Gufygu
Oya'ESifhtnD xda&mufpGmta&;,lrnfjzpfaMumif;ESifh jynfolYqE´ESifhtnD cdkifrmaom
zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'opft& ay:aygufvmrnfh tpdk;&wpf&yf rzGJUpnf;rD Mum;umv
jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&;? wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrIrNydKuGJa&;? tcsKyf
usifhoHk;ydkifcGifh&Sdonf/ odkY&mwGif zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' ay:aygufvmonfh
EdkifiHawmftmPmudk &,la&;twGuf ,m,DzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' a&;qGJí
w&m;pD&ifrItmPm / / EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzGJUu
yef;qufoG,frI vHkNcHKacsmarGUapa&;? jynfolrsm;\ pm;0wfaea&;acsmif
1990 jynfhESpf Zlvdkifv 2 &ufaeY &ufpGJjzifh EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmuf
217
wnfaqmufa&;tzGJU tqifhqifhtm; cGJa0ay;vsuf pDrHcefYcGJa&;udpörsm;udk
pkaygif;acgif;aqmifrIjzifh wm0efay;aqmif&Gufapvsuf&Sdonf/ ,if;odkY
aqmif&Gufapjcif;rSm zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'ESifhtnD ay:aygufvmrnfh
jrefrmEdkifiHtwGif;&Sd wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;tm;vHk;\ zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufa&;twGuf
aqmif&Gufonfh vkyfief;wm0efrsm;udk tav;*½kjyK umuG,fapmifha&Smuf
a&G;aumufyGJ usif;ya&;wm0efrStyjzpfaom vkykfief;wm0efBuD; oHk;&yfESifh
tpdk;&vufxufwGif 0efxrf;rsm;onf Xmeqdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;udk EdkifiHa&;
jynfe,f? wdkif;? NrdKUe,fpk? NrdKUe,f? &yfuGuf^aus;&Gmtkyfpk Nidrf0yfydjym;rI
r&SdrjzpfvdktyfNyD; cdkifrmaom zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'opf a&;qGJ&ef txl;vdktyfaMumif;?
pDrHcefYcGJrItmPm / / EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rIwnfaqmufa&;tzGJUu
vnfapa&;ESifh ygwDpHk 'Drdkua&pDtaxGaxG a&G;aumufyGJ usif;ya&;
ponfh vkyfief;wm0efBuD;av;&yfteuf ygwDpHk'Drdkua&pD taxGaxG
a&;tzGJUu xkwfjyefaom 1^90 aMunmcsufonf jynfaxmifpkjrefrmEdkifiHawmftwGuf
218
tmPm&yfBuD;udk
tajccHOya'[lonf
qdk&S,fvpfvrf;pOftajccHaom
jynfolwdkYudk,fpm;
1974
ckESpf
jynfolwpf&yfvHk;
&Sif;&Sif;pmay
a&;qGJMu&ef wm0ef&SdaMumif;rsm; azmfjyyg&Sdonf/
EdkifiHzGJupnf;yHk
ydkifqdkifaom
tjcmtmPmusifhoHk;a&;qdkif&m y#dnmOfpmcsKyfBuD;yif jzpfayonf/
wm0ef,ludkifwG,faqmif&Gufrnfh
jynfolwdkY
aumufwifajr§mufvdkufaom udk,fpm;vS,frsm; wduspGmvdkufemusifhoHk;rnfh rlabmif?
pnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;? EdkifiHom;wdkY\ rlvtcGifhta&;rsm;udk yk'fxD;? yk'frwdkYjzifh tpDtpOf
a&G;
rnfonfhenf;ESifhrQ vufcHrnfr[kwfaMumif;? jynfolrsm;u a&G;aumufwifajr§mufvdkuf
tcsKyftjcmtmPm&yfBuD;\ cufroHk;jzmjzpfaom Oya'jyKa&;tmPm? tkyfcsKyf
usifhoHk;rnfh tpdk;&tzGJU? Oya'jyKtzGJU? w&m;pD&ifa&;tzGJUESifh jynfolrsm;tMum; tcsKyf
wus a&;om;xm;onfh pmtkyfBuD;yifjzpfonf/ wpfenf;tm;jzifh tcsKyftjcmtmPm
aom udk,fpm;vS,frsm;onf tem*wf'Drdkua&pD EdkifiHawmf zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'udk
EdkifiHawmftcsKyftjcm
(pDrHcefYcGJ)a&;tmPm? w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmwdkYonf EdkifiHawmf? EdkifiHom;rsm;\ vlYabmif
EdkifiHawmftmPmudk &,la&;twGuf ,m,DzGJUpnf;yHktajccH Oya'a&;qGJum rdrdwdkY
0ifvkvkeD;yg; jzpfoGm;cJhonf/ þodkYjzifh 1947 ckESpf tajccHOya'udk ab;z,fypfcJh&onf/
tajccHOya'udkvnf;
zGJUpnf;tkyfcsKyfyHk tajccHOya'udk rjzpfrae a&;qGJcJh&onf/ a&SUu qdkcJhonfhtwdkif;
1947 ckESpf tajccHOya'wGif aysmhuGuf? [muGuf? rSm;uGufrsm;ygoGm;ojzifh 1962
ckESpf? rwfvwGif jynfaxmifpkBuD; NydKuGJvkeD;? e,fcsJUppftkyfpkwpfck\ axmifacsmufxJ
wuúodkvfjrwfol
xdkYaMumifh jrefrmEdkifiHwGif 1988 ckESpfrSpNyD; tajccHOya'r&Sdacs/ 1988 ckESpf
qlylrItjyif jyifytiftm;BuD;EdkifiHwpfckrS av,mOfwifppfoabFmBuD;tygt0if ppf
oabFmig;pif;u jrefrmha&ydkifeuftwGif; usL;0ifum jrefrmhydkifeufe,fajrESifh tcsKyftjcm
BudKufwkef;u BudKufcJhMuovdk axmufcHrJay;cJhMuNyD; 1988 ckESpfa&mufrS vuf0J vuf,m?
jynfwGif;jynfy? ajray:ajratmuf tzsuftarSmifhya,m*rsm; ul;pufum rBudKufMu
awmh[k rif;rJhqefqef ('Drdkua&pDrqefpGm) atmf[pfqlylMuojzifh z,fcJh&jyefonf/
xdkYaMumifhyif t*FvdyfwdkYxHrS vGwfvyfa&;,lumeD; 1947 ckESpf EdkifiHawmf
ta&;,lEdkifonfh ,EÅ&m;rsm;yifjzpfayonf/ tajccHOya'uJhodkY tcsKyftjcmtmPm
usifhoHk;a&; rlabmifpnf;rsOf;pnf;urf;rsm;r&SdbJ a&G;aumufyGJwGif a&G;aumufcH&olrsm;
tzGJUtpnf;udk Nidrf;csrf;vHkNcHKpGm aexdkifMuNyD; rdrdwdkYb0tajcwifh? tajcjrifhvmatmif
Oya'ESifhtnD pDrHuGyfuJ? rrSefruefvkyfolrsm;? Oya'csdK;azmufolrsm;udk Oya'ESifhtnD
vGwfvGwfvyfvyf qHk;jzwfazmfaqmifcGifhtwGuf vdktyfaomOya'rsm; jyKpkjy|mef;?
oabmjzifh rdrdwdkYtpdk;& zGJUpnf;jcif;udk EdkifiHawmfNidrf0yfydjym;rI wnfaqmufa&;tzGJUu
oGefMuarSmufMuvQif EdkifiHonf e,fcsJUvufatmuf jyefa&mufoGm;Edkifonf/ NydKuGJysufpD;
oGm;Edkifonf/ rif;rJh0g'Drsm;? zufqpfrsm;? tmPm&Sifrsm;vufatmuf usoGm;Edkifonf/
pdwfBudKuf? xifovdk pDrHtkyfcsKyfcGifhr&Sday/ Oya'jyKcGifhvnf;r&Sday/ w&m;pD&ifcGifhvnf;
r&Sday/ ay;vnf;ay;tyfrxm;Edkifay/ pnf;vGwfabmifvGwf xif&mpdkif;um EdkifiHudk
zGJUcJhMuonf/
EdkifiHwnf armfuGef;rsm;
aMunmcsufjzifhvnf;
twdtvif;
&Sif;&Sif;pmay
xkwfjyeftoday;cJhonf/
(0JrS,m) wuúodkvfjrwfol (pma&;q&m)?
OD;atmifcrf;xD (ytdk;0ftrsKd;om;tzGJUcsKyfacgif;aqmif)?
trsKd;om;nDvmcHodkY wufa&mufMuaom udk,fpm;vS,frsm;
219
usefygwD ig;ckrSm w&m;r0ifawmhojzifh aumfr&Sifu zsufodrf;ypfcJhonf/ 1988-89
ygwDrsm; rSwfyHkwif&mü ygwDa[mif; 10 ckteuf ig;ckuom jyefvnfrSwfyHkwifMuonf/
a&G;aumufyGJNyD;onfhaemuf ygwD 10 ckom qefcgwifusef&pfawmhonf/ 2010 jynfhESpf
ygwDrsm; rSwfyHkwifapjcif;? a&G;aumufyGJusif;yjcif;? a&G;aumfyGJrusif;yrDuyif tajccH
EdkifiHjcm;om; owif;axmufwpfa,mufu tajccHOya'wpfckudk a&;qGJwm
vS,frsm;onf tajccHOya'a&;qGJ&ef wm0ef&SdaMumif; BudKwifajymcJhonfhtjyif 1^90
Oya'r&SdbJ EdkifiHawmftmPmvTJay;a&;rSm rjzpfEdkifaMumif;? a&G;aumufcH udk,fpm;
1990 jynfhESpf arv a&G;aumufyGJü 93 ygwD 0ifa&muff,SOfNydKifcJhMuonf/
EdkifiHawmfwm0efudk0if,lum apmifha&SmufumuG,fcJh&onf/ wyfrawmftpdk;&taejzifh
tmPmudk Ncdrf;ajcmuf,laeojzifh 18.9.88 &ufaeYwGif wyfrawmfu EdkifiHawmf
wrÜ0wD OD;0if;armif(Adokumynm&Sif)? a'gufwmbjrifh(oGm;bufqdkif&m aq;wuúokdvf)
obm0t&rl rm&S,favm ppfOya'jzifom tkkyfcsKyf&rnfjzpfayonf/ odkYaomf t&yf
cJhonf/ 1988-89 ckESpfrsm;wGif ygwDpHkzGJU&mü 0g'pHk? vlpHk? rlpHkjzifh 238 ygwDtxd
rlvydkif&Sif jynfolvlxkxH jyefvnftyfESif;&eftwGuf ygwDpHk 'Drdkua&pDpepf vrf;zGifhay;
bufOya'? t&yfbufw&m;½Hk;rsm;jzifhom pDrHcefYcGJcJhonf/ tcsKyftjcmtmPm&yfBuD;udk