Page 32 - Technology Roadmap Transportation

TECHNOLOGY VISION 2035

FIG1.1 EVOLUTION OF ROADS IN INDIA

TOTAL LENGTH: TOTAL LENGTH:
~4.87 million km ~5.23 million km

2015 2016

NATIONAL
HIGHWAYS
1985 TOTAL LENGTH: 100,475 km
~1.77 million km
-----
----------------------
-----
STATE
HIGHWAYS
148,256 km
TOTAL LENGTH:
-----
~353,000 km ----------------------
1954 -----
DISTRICT
&
RURAL ROADS
4,983,579 km

FIG 1.2 Road network needs to be strengthened with new roads,
CO EMISSION FROM VARIOUS especially connecting remote areas. Last mile connectivity still
2
TRANSPORT MODES [6] remains a dream in many areas and needs to be provided.
FREIGHT TRANSPORT Road quality needs to be improved, especially considering
the deterioration in road quality, especially during the rainy
seasons. It is suggested that appropriate concrete or hot
mix technology should be used to construct good quality
29g/Ton-km
roads. India transports >57% of its total freight by road,
compared to ~22% in China and ~37% in USA. In contrast,
the share of freight transport by railway is ~36%, compared
31g/Ton-km to ~47% in China and ~48% in USA, which is more energy
efficient mode of freight transport.Despite the fact that a
large part of India’s freight traffic comprises transporting
160g/Ton-km bulk material over long distances, which can be served
efficiently by railways and waterways, the share of shipping
through waterways is <6%, compared to 30% in China and
14% in USA[5]. With increase in different types of motor
PASSENGER TRANSPORT vehicles and improvement in road network, there has been
a gradual transformation from rail-dominated transport
system to a road-dominated transport system in India over
past few decades, where the share of railways in terms of
75g/Passenger-km
passenger-km has shrunk by ~20%. This leads to much higher
dependence on fossil fuels and high levels of greenhouse gas
(GHG) emissions.
175g/Passenger-km
On the basis of mode-wise share, the indicative CO
2
emissions from the major transport modes are given in
229g/Passenger-km figure1.2.

30 ROADWAYS