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TECH FRONTIERS

GHG emissions, congestion, and pollu- nology could reduce negative externali- effective transportation with high ve-
tion. ties like GHG emissions, pollution, and hicle usage and occupancy rates. Mass
Taking reparability, remanufacturing, dependence on imported fossil fuels. As transit as the backbone combined with
and recycling into account in vehicle car ownership is currently low, adoption other forms of transport – including ve-
design and creating the appropriate re- could be rapid as ownership expands. hicle as a service – for convenient last-
verse cycle infrastructure can reduce the A multimodal, door-to-door, on-de- mile connectivity can create convenient
need for virgin, non-renewable resourc- mand mobility system, embracing vehi- door-to-door journeys. Technological
es and energy. Building vehicles that cle-sharing trends and leveraging digital innovation can help plan these journeys
rely on zero-emission propulsion tech- innovation, could provide efficient and and make travelling safer and faster.

POLICY INITIATIVES

The Government of India has done sub- maintenance facturing especially with its MSMEs
stantial work towards policy interven- 14. Revision of existing environmental 21. Government of India has embarked
tions and formulation such as standards and formulation of new stand- upon an initiative of creating 100 smart
1. Notification of National Ambient Air ards for prevention and control of pollu- cities across the country and waste man-
Quality Standards tion from industries agement and resource conservation are
2. Formulation of environmental regu- 15. Regular coordination meetings at significant part of this important initi-
lations/statutes official and ministerial level with Delhi ative
3. Setting up of monitoring network for and other State Governments within the 22. Government of India is in process of
assessment of ambient air quality NCR finalising national goals under UN’s sus-
4. Introduction of cleaner/alternate fuels 16. Issuance of directions under Section tainable development goals
like gaseous fuel (CNG, LPG, etc), etha- 5 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 23. Government of India has promoted
nol blend etc and under Section 18(1)(b) of Water the concept of Zero Effect Zero Defect
5. Promotion of cleaner production pro- (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Effect in order to achieve Green econom-
cesses Act, 1974 and Air (Prevention and Con- ic growth
6. Launching of National Air Quality in- trol of Pollution) Act, 1981 24. Government of India has emphasised
dex by the Prime Minister in April 2015 17. Installation of online continuous focused on Development of MSMEs and
7. Implementation of Bharat Stage IV (24x7) monitoring devices by major in- making them competitive and sustain-
(BS-IV) norms in 63 selected cities and dustries able in order to achieve increased eco-
universalisation of BS-IV by 2017 18. Preparation of action plan for sew- nomic growth in manufacturing sector.
8. Decision taken to leapfrog directly age management and restoration of wa-
from BS-IV to BS-VI fuel standards by ter quality in aquatic resources by State The following actions are required to lead
1 April 2020 Governments the way to the transition to circular econ-
9. Taxing polluting vehicles and incenti- 19. Implementation of National River omy:
vising hybrid and electric vehicles Conservation Plan for abatement of pol- 1. Set direction and show commitment.
10. Comprehensive amendments to var- lution in identified stretches of various 2. Create enabling regulatory frameworks
ious Waste Management Rules including rivers and undertaking conservation ac- and remove policy barriers.
Municipal Solid Waste, Plastic Waste, tivities which inter-alia include intercep- 3. Represent the interests of groups like
Hazardous Waste, Bio-medical Waste tion and diversion of raw sewage, con- the informal sector, or facilitate collab-
and Electronic Waste notified struction of sewerage systems, setting up orative initiatives among businesses, the
11. Notification of Construction of sewage treatment plants, low-cost san- public sector, and other stakeholders
and Demolition Waste Management itation facilities, education and aware- 4. Support circular models through pub-
Rules;12. Ban on burning of leaves, bio- ness creation, community participation, lic procurement and infrastructure.
mass, municipal solid waste electric/improved wood crematoria, and 5. Embed circular economy principles
13. Promotion of public transport net- riverfront development into education.
work of metro, buses, e-rickshaws and 20. India’s National Manufacturing Pol- 6. Conduct research and pilot projects
promotion of car pooling, Pollution icy focuses on promotion and adoption to create a knowledge base and establish
Under Control, lane discipline, vehicle of Green technologies and Green manu- proof points.

28 l INDIAN ENGINEERING EXPORTS l AUGUST 2019