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occur during processing in the heating circuit with overlap (1.5 ... 19.5 ° C). Larger values
correspond to semi-finished machining. The application of the cooling scheme through the cuff Ten myths about
leads to a significant (3 ... 20 ° C) decrease in the temperature of the workpiece. Larger values
correspond to semi-finished machining. import substitution
The deviation from cylindricity in the form of barrel-like shape decreases with the transition
from semi-honing to polishing. Based on the constructed model, it can be assumed that a
change in the cooling scheme leads to a change in barrel shape by 13 ... 26% for semi-honing Myth 1: everything will be imported
and 20 ... 35% for polishing. Of course, this is an obvious
exaggeration. Russian authorities are
by no means inspired by the example of
North Korea. If not for sanctions, import
Table 2. Simulation results. substitution would not have turned into state policy at all. Even discussing the dangers of
dependence on imports, authorities say that 100% substitution leads to a decrease in the
cooling TSO OCHM TSO OCHM competitiveness of enterprises and a drop in the quality of goods, and therefore harmful.
Processing 2 2 9 9
type No more than one third of Russian imports can be replaced economically efficiently.
Heating grid Z S P R S P R S P R S P Another third is a matter of a not-so-distant future: there are no personnel, infrastructure,
minimum 25 25,5 27 22 22,6 23,5 37,5 38 57 28,5 36,5 40
temperature logistics, cheap financial resources, the domestic market is small, etc. Another third of Russian
ºС imports cannot be replaced in principle.
max 35 36,1 37 26 26,5 26,9 81 82,8 87 42,5 65 66,8
temperature
ºС Myth 2: all foreigners will be thrown away
deviation from 1,75 1,85 2,85 1,3 1,2 1,8 11,5 13,2 17,6 7.4 11,3 17 In fact, localization is a type of import substitution. Attracting investments from foreign
cilindricality, manufacturers in order to localize remains the most important element of the course of the
mkm
Russian authorities. The initiative of foreign investors to create industries fundamentally new to
the Russian market has always been welcomed and continues to be welcomed.
There is no ban on the proposal to a foreign manufacturer of products subject to import
substitution in accordance with a particular
industry plan to become a co-investor of such

a Conclusion a project. In other words, there is no desire
1. Modern CAE systems are a powerful tool fenced off with an iron curtain, and there
for structural analysis not only at the stage of its is only a policy proven by many countries
operation, but also at the manufacturing stage. to stimulate the creation of competitive
2. Thermal deformation of the case during businesses, including with the participation
honing has a significant effect on the accuracy of of foreign capital.
size and shape. Shape errors, as a result of uneven
heating, are especially noticeable during preliminary Myth 3: import substitution is always
honing. accompanied by protectionism
3. The use of cooling the sleeve through the cuff World experience shows that there
allows you to increase the accuracy of the form at the is no stable dependence here. The import
stage of semi-honing by 13 ... 26%, thereby reducing substitution, spontaneously going the last 20
the total production time of the part. years (pork, poultry meat, beer, soft drinks,
many types of containers, clothing, etc.),
was not accompanied by protectionism, but
by liberalization of foreign trade, including
under pressure from the WTO.
Sometimes the authorities of different countries did practice protectionism in order to
b create guaranteed demand for import-substituting products, for example, through state orders,
special tender conditions for natural monopolies and controlled companies. It was important
Fig. 4. Temperature strain only not to evoke the illusion of the immutability of these benefits among import substitutes. For
sleeves for cooling circuit:
a - traditional, b - through the cuff. this, each such project was determined by the period of adaptation to fully market functioning.
L.Ya. Gilova,
Candidate of technical sciences, associate In Russia, the details of the mechanism of special investment contracts (SPICs) are currently
professor of MSTU Stankin. being worked out, one of the conditions for which investment may be not only tax benefits, but
also a guaranteed order for a part of the products.
References: By the way, not one of the import substitution projects funded by the Industrial Development
1. Babichev A.P. Honing. Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1965. 96 p.
2. Kudoyarov R.G. Improving the accuracy of the shape and surface quality of parts during diamond honing on a mechatronic machine: dis. Dr. tech. sciences. Fund in 2015 had protectionist support.
Ufa, 2003.293 p.
3. Levin B.G. Diamond honing holes / B.G. Levin, Y.L. Pyatov. Leningrad, Engineering, 1969. 112 p.
4. Precision processing of parts with diamond and abrasive bars / M.S. Naerman, S.A. Popov. Moscow, Mechanical Engineering, 1971. 224 p.
5. Chepovetsky I.X. Thermal phenomena during diamond honing / Machines and tools. 1966. No. 12. p. 30. Myth 4: import substitution and SPICs kill competition
6. The technology of processing with abrasive and diamond tools: a Textbook for mechanical engineering. technical schools / Z.I. Flint, G.I. Butorin, V.M. This myth is very dangerous, especially taking into account the awareness of the
Colomasin and others; edited by Z.I. Flint. Leningrad, Mechanical Engineering, 1989. 207 p.
7. Panova O.G. Improving the efficiency of honing operations based on the analysis of temperature deformations of a tool and a part: Ph.D. thesis. tech. fundamental factor of competition, the growing share of the public sector and failures during
sciences. Rybinsk, 2004.166 p
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