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                  MODULE             Above, Below, and Beyond
                    7                     SCIENCE CONNECTION: Exploration and Discovery ............................................76








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              my Notes  1975  1983  myNotes
               Short  1 A Few Who Dared
               Read  Throughout history, courageous men and women have boldly ventured into little-known—  Jacques Cousteau  Sally Ride
                 sometimes unknown—territory. Some explore to answer the call of curiosity. Others do so for   What he explored: The ocean  What she explored: Outer space  A Few Who Dared ...................................................................................82
                 glory or the chance to be first. Still others thirst for the chance to discover new lands or spaces.   Details: Born and raised in France, Jacques   Details: Sally Ride and Dr. Mae Jemison share
                 From the top of the world to the bottom of the sea to outer space, this timeline is a chronology   4  Cousteau (koo-STOH) had a lifelong curiosity   5  the distinction of being two “firsts” in space
                 of a few of history’s daring explorers from the last two centuries.  about the sea. He hungered for knowledge   exploration. In 1983, Ride became the first
                1804  1909  about the world’s oceans and the life they   American woman to travel to outer space,
                        contain. Cousteau was the co-inventor of the
                            aboard the space shuttle Challenger. During
                Meriwether Lewis, William Clark,   Matthew Henson and   Aqua-Lung, the first automated scuba diving   her historic flight, Ride operated a robotic arm
                            to move satellites.
                        tank. Additionally, he and his team designed
                and Sacagawea  Robert Peary  underwater laboratories where scientists could
                        Undersea World of Jacques Cousteau, viewers
                        live and do research. Through his TV series The
                What they explored: The northwestern United States  What they explored: The Arctic  were able to accompany Cousteau on his
                2  Details: In 1804 leaders Meriwether Lewis and   3  Details: By 1909, Americans Matthew Henson   incredible ocean adventures. In 1975 off the
                William Clark and a team of more than thirty   and Robert Peary had already made several   coast of Greece, he located and explored the
                people embarked on a two-year exploration of   expeditions together to the Arctic. They were   wreck of Britannic—Titanic’s sister ship—which
                what is now the northwestern part of the United   determined to reach the North Pole, for the   sank in 1916.
                States. The United States had recently purchased   glory of being the first men to set foot on that   The word scuba is an acronym that stands for “self-
                the land from France and President Thomas
                        contained underwater breathing apparatus.”
                    remote location. In March of 1909, the
                uncharted territory. He also wanted the   explorers, along with four Inuit men, made   1992
                Jefferson wanted to know more about this
                expedition, known as the Corps of Discovery, to   their way toward the North Pole, traveling by   BIOGRAPHY
                    dogsled and sleeping in igloos at night.
                find a route from the Missouri River to the Pacific   Progress was slow—and extremely dangerous.
                Ocean. In what is now North Dakota, a Native   At different points Peary   Mae Jemison
                American woman named Sacagawea (sah-kuh-  and Henson plunged   What she explored: Outer space
                guh-WEE-uh) joined the Corps to help the   through the ice. Finally,
                explorers communicate with other native people   on April 6, they reached   6  Details: Dr. Jemison became the first African
                during their journey. The Corps reached the   what they believed to   American woman in space, aboard the space
                    be the North Pole.
                Pacific Ocean in November of 1805. By the time
                            shuttle Endeavour. Dr. Jemison, who was also
                            a medical doctor, performed a number of
                the Corps had covered about 8,000 miles—  Some historians believe Henson   experiments during her eight-day space flight.
                they returned to Missouri in September of 1806,
                through rugged mountain ranges, down raging   and Peary missed the Pole by
                rivers, and across harsh wilderness.  about 60 miles.   A huge fan of the TV show Star Trek, Dr. Jemison appeared
                            on an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation.
                The name Sacagawea means “Bird Woman.”
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                   INTO THE UNKNOWN:  myNotes  Into the Unknown: Above and Below ...........................................84
                   ABOVE  AND
                   BELOW
                                     by Stewart Ross • illustrated by Stephen Biesty
                   BY STEWART ROSS   •  ILLUSTRATED BY STEPHEN BIESTY
                                     INFORMATIONAL TEXT
                              85
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                             myNotes
                    Great            Great Discoveries and Amazing Adventures ..........................98
                   DISCOVERIES
                      and Amazing
                   ADVENTURES
                    The Stories of Hidden Marvels   by Claire Llewellyn
                    and Lost Treasures
                      BY CLAIRE LLEWELLYN
                                     INFORMATIONAL TEXT
                              99
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                             myNotes
                    SpaceShipOne     SpaceShipOne ....................................................................................... 112
                        by Matthew Stinemetze
                                     by Matthew Stinemetze as told to Naomi Wallace
                           as told to Naomi Wallace
                                     AUTOBIOGRAPHY
                              113
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                             myNotes
                   THE MIGHTY        The Mighty Mars Rovers: The Incredible
                   MARS ROVERS
                   THE INCREDIBLE ADVENTURES OF SPIRIT AND OPPORTUNITY
                        by Elizabeth Rusch  Adventures of Spirit and Opportunity .....................................124
                                     by Elizabeth Rusch
                                     NARRATIVE NONFICTION
                              125
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                                     Performance Task
                                     Write an Instructional Article .............................................142
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