Page 649 - ACFE Fraud Reports 2009_2020

FIG. 91 What anti-fraud controls are the most common in FIG. 93 Cases by country in Western
Western Europe? Europe
Control Percent of cases Country Number of cases

Code of conduct 93% Austria 4
Management certification of financial statements 88% Belgium 7
External audit of financial statements 88% Denmark 2
External audit of internal controls over financial reporting 85% Finland 2
Management review 83%
France 4
Internal audit department 80% Germany 16
Independent audit committee 78% Greece 22
Hotline 76% Iceland 1
Anti-fraud policy 65% Ireland 2
Fraud training for managers/executives 63% Italy 8
Fraud training for employees 59% Netherlands 10
Formal fraud risk assessments 53% Norway 2
Dedicated fraud department, function, or team 49% Portugal 1
Employee support programs 48% Spain 4
Surprise audits 41% Switzerland 11
Proactive data monitoring/analysis 38% United Kingdom 34
Job rotation/mandatory vacation 22%
Rewards for whistleblowers 10% Total cases: 130

FIG. 92 How does the perpetrator’s level of authority MEDIAN LOSS:
relate to occupational fraud in Western Europe?
usd 200,000
41%

34%
PERCENT OF C A SES 18% ��
�
�
�
6%
OF ALL CASES
130

Employee Manager Owner/executive CASES

$90,000

MEDIAN L OSS $235,000

$500,000

Western Europe Report to the Nations 73