Page 467 - PPL-engelsk 2025

Principles of flight

The illustration and text here explain it – perhaps.

In the illustration, two black arrows are seen.

Lift is split:

- A vertical lift represented

by the black arrow

pointing upward

- The lift itself (represented
by the blue arrow

pointing at 60 degrees –
60° of bank)

In opposition to the vertical part of the lift, we have weight, the black arrow

pointing downward. Weight cannot be changed.

In order to maintain altitude in a turn, the vertical part of the lift (the black arrow

pointing upward) must be equal to weight (the downward arrow).

If we increase the bank angle, the blue line must be longer (dashed blue) so that

we can have a vertical component of lift (black arrow) equal to the weight.

At about 75° of bank, we exceed the load factor limit for the Cessna 172, which

is 3.8 G at 75° (as shown in the previous figure), thus exceeding the aircraft's
limitations. Approximately at the same time, the aircraft will stall.

5.4.1.5 Center of Gravity and stall

How the aircraft reacts during a stall depends on the location of the center of
gravity.

If the center of gravity is far forward, the aircraft will lower the nose when the

lift is lost during the stall.

If the center of gravity is farther aft, recovery becomes more difficult, and the

risk of a spin occurring increases!

Flight Theory PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 467