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Flight performance and planning
7.2 Aircraft weight and balance
(Flypræstation og planlægning 1 - 2 videoer)
In order to fly safely, weight and balance must be within certain limits. Therefore,
you must make weight and balance calculations before each flight. We use it, for
example, to calculate:
- takeoff and landing distance
- range
- max flight time
7.2.1 Weight
In the subject Flight Performance and Planning, the issues surrounding weight, the
location of the center of gravity, but also the importance of weight for safety are
reviewed.
7.2.1.1 Weight designations
There are different designations for different weights in relation to an aircraft.
Weight terms
- TOW / Take Off Weight
- MTOW / Max Take Off Weight
- MLW / Max Landing Weight
- ZFW / Zero Fuel Weight (weight of aircraft + pilot, passengers and
baggage before refueling)
- Empty Weight (empty weight: weight of aircraft, engine oil and the fuel
in the hoses between the tanks and the engine)
Every aircraft has a stated maximum takeoff weight (MTOW). This weight is the
weight of the aircraft + crew, passengers and baggage (payload) and fuel.
All the individual parts of the aircraft are designed according to MTOW.
Flyveteori PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 613
