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Aircraft general knowledge
8.12.3.2 Ammeter ............................................................................................ 764
8.12.3.3 Voltmeter ........................................................................................... 764
8.12.3.4 Flap indikator ..................................................................................... 764
8.12.3.5 Low Voltage Warning ......................................................................... 764
8.12.3.6 Clock….. ............................................................................................. 765
8.12.3.7 Stall Warning ...................................................................................... 765
8.12.4 The pitot-static system ............................................................................ 765
8.12.4.1 Dynamic pressure .............................................................................. 766
8.12.4.2 Static pressure ................................................................................... 766
8.12.5 AirSpeed Indicator ASI ............................................................................. 767
8.12.5.1 The airspeed indicator ....................................................................... 768
8.12.5.2 Speed designations ............................................................................ 769
8.12.5.3 Instrument error ................................................................................ 769
8.12.6 Altimeter .................................................................................................. 769
8.12.6.1 QNH… ................................................................................................. 770
8.12.6.2 Transition altitude .............................................................................. 771
8.12.6.3 Practical use of the altimeter ............................................................. 771
8.12.7 Variometer (Vertical Speed Indicator VSI) ............................................... 773
8.12.8 Gyro instruments ..................................................................................... 774
8.12.8.1 Sources of error ................................................................................. 775
8.12.8.2 Turn indicator and turn coordinator .................................................. 776
8.12.8.3 Attitude indicator ............................................................................... 777
8.12.8.4 Directional indicator (Directional gyro) ............................................. 778
8.12.9 Magnetic compass ................................................................................... 780
8.12.9.1 Sources of error ................................................................................. 781
8.12.9.2 Remote compass ................................................................................ 782
8.12.10 Avionics, radio equipment....................................................................... 783
8.12.10.1 GPS, COM/NAV-radio, Transponder .................................................. 783
8.12.10.2 Indicator ............................................................................................. 783
8.12.10.3 EFIS....... ............................................................................................. 784
8.12.10.4 Latest tecnology AHRS (Attitude and Heading Reference System) ... 785
8.12.10.5 IMU (Inerti Measuring Unit)............................................................... 786
Flyveteori PPL(A)(UL)/LAPL Henning Andersen, Midtjysk Flyveskole© 2025 673
