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Brown Pelicans 271

an aviary 12 × 30 × 10 ft. high (3.6 × 9 × 3 m high), the author believes that pelicans needing flight
conditioning or fledglings being prepared for the wild receive better conditioning in a cage approx-
imately 24 × 30 × 14 ft. high (7.3 × 9 × 4.3 m high) or even larger. This allows for turning while in
flight. Different height perches should be made available. Pool size is also specified and should be
at least 2 ft. deep (Figure 16.5). Saltwater pools are ideal. It is recommended that all pools have an
intake on one side and outlet on the other side. This overflow arrangement allows for good water
circulation and in particular keeps the surface of the water free of fish oil, feces, and other con-
taminants. Before release, all waterbirds’ feathers must be waterproof and in top condition. This is
essential to their success in the wild.

­ Preparation­for Wild­Release

It is crucial to their success in the wild that pelicans are raised to avoid imprinting or habituation
to people. Pelicans are naturally fairly curious, naturally fairly friendly, and will do just about any-
thing for a fish. Sadly, at PHSS in Miami, over 90% of the injuries seen are caused by recreational
fishing. Pelicans cannot tell the difference between a handout and a fish with a hook in it that is
being used as bait. If, as chicks, they learn to associate people with food they will continue this
behavior into adulthood making them even more vulnerable to injury and possible death. When
raised in the appropriate caging with foster parents or in a group setting with other pelicans, they
will have a much better chance of success in the wild. Although it is very difficult to teach plunge
diving in a rehabilitation setting, with the appropriate type pool, caging, foster parents, and other
pelicans to serve as role models, the chicks will quickly learn that fish come out of water. It is

Figure­16.5­ Three juvenile pelicans stretching
and preening while perched on the edge of aviary
pool. Source: photo courtesy of International Bird
Rescue.