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1159.e2 Regenerative Medicine

the majority of MSCs appear to get trapped Alternatives and Their Unfortunately, the ideal product is currently
in the lungs. Intravenous administration of Relative Merits • Although the plethora of literature suggests
unknown.
BMAC and SVF has also been reported but
• For treatment of osteoarthritis, NSAIDs and
VetBooks.ir Postprocedure polysulfated glycosaminoglycans should be great potential for regenerative medicine for
is less commonly used.
considered in addition to general osteoar-
various conditions, there is a shortage of
weight management and supplementation
• Adult MSCs are unlikely to cause adverse thritis management strategies, including adequately powered clinical studies in dogs
using objective outcome measures to confirm
events when administered locally. If intra- with omega-3 fatty acids. this suggestion.
venous injections are performed, routine • Triamcinolone and hyaluronic acid may
monitoring for myocardial or pulmonary be considered as alternative products for SUGGESTED READING
complications should be performed. intraarticular injections. Whitworth DJ, et al: Stem cell therapies for treat-
Allogeneic MSCs appear to be safe based ○ Methylprednisolone acetate should be ing osteoarthritis: prescient or premature?. Vet J
on the available literature, but donors need avoided due to its greater chondrotoxic 202(3):416-424, 2014.
to be screened carefully to avoid disease potential.
transmission. Because PRP treatment uses ADDITIONAL SUGGESTED
autologous blood, it is considered safe. Pearls READINGS
• Acute joint inflammation is infrequently • Although the terms stem cells and regenerative Hoffman AM, et al: Concise review: stem cell trials
observed after intraarticular injections medicine imply that tissues are regenerated, using companion animal disease models. Stem Cells
in dogs. Lameness, pain, and potentially the beneficial effects of these treatments 34(7):1709-1729, 2016.
periarticular swelling may be observed may come from immunomodulation and Steinert AF, et al: Platelet-rich plasma in orthopaedic
within 24 hours of treatment and can be antiinflammatory effects. surgery and sports medicine: pearls, pitfalls, and
addressed with cold compression therapy • Although culture-expanded MSCs represent new trends in research. Oper Tech Orthop 22(2):91-
and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs true stem cell therapy, this approach is more 103, 2012.
(NSAIDs). costly, cumbersome, time-consuming, and
• Septic arthritis is an uncommon complication under greater scrutiny from the FDA, making RELATED CLIENT EDUCATION
but should be considered if worsening of the minimally manipulated cell aspirates attrac- SHEET
lameness and joint effusion is observed ≥ 48 tive from a practicality standpoint.
hours after treatment. Joint fluid analysis and • Commercially available PRP kits vary greatly Osteoarthritis
culture (using blood culture medium) should in what they produce. Platelet concentration, AUTHOR: Felix Duerr, Dr. med. vet., MS, DACVS-SA,
be used to confirm this diagnosis. Treatment number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, type DECVS, DACVSMR
may include joint lavage, antibiotics, and of activation, and other factors likely have EDITORS: Leah A. Cohn, DVM, PhD, DACVIM;
pain management. a great influence on clinical outcomes. Kathleen Linn, DVM, MS, DACVS

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