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1194 Acute Kidney Injury Adrenal Mass/Nodule

Acute Kidney Injury
VetBooks.ir PRERENAL/ HEMODYNAMIC Hemoglobinuria

Anesthesia
Cardiovascular shock Lilies (cats)
Methotrexate
Dehydration* Myoglobinuria
Hemorrhagic shock Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Hypoadrenocorticism* Penicillamine
Hypoalbuminemia Radiocontrast agents
Hypotensive shock Venom (snake, bee)
Hypovolemic shock Vitamin D analogs
Renal vascular occlusion/thrombi Other Conditions
Septic shock Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Surgery Glomerulonephritis
Trauma Heatstroke
Vasculitis Hepatorenal syndrome
INTRINSIC RENAL Hypercalcemia
Infectious Disease Lymphoma
Babesiosis Malignant hypertension
Borreliosis Malignant hyperthermia
Feline infectious peritonitis Pancreatitis
Leishmaniasis Pigmenturia (hemoglobin/myoglobin)
Leptospirosis Renal arterial thromboembolism
Pyelonephritis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome
Rickettsial infections Systemic lupus erythematosus
Nephrotoxins (Not Exhaustive) Trauma
Allopurinol Vasculitis
Aminoglycosides POSTRENAL
Amphotericin B Bilateral renal calculi
Bisphosphonates Bilateral ureteral calculi
Cisplatin/carboplatin Extraluminal obstruction
Dextran 40 Prostatic disease
Diuretics Rupture of outflow tracts
Ethylene glycol Urethral calculi
Grapes/raisins Urethral neoplasia
Heavy metals
*Hypoadrenocorticism, diuretic treatment, and diabetes mellitus may cause azotemia with isosthenuria in the absence of kidney disease.
Modified from Bonagura J: Kirk’s Current veterinary therapy XIII, St. Louis, 2000, Saunders.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Adrenal Mass/Nodule
(ARDS)

Adrenal Cortex
Nodular hyperplasia
Causes, Predispositions, and Risk Factors* Adenoma
Drugs (often idiosyncratic) Carcinoma
Electrocution Adrenal Medulla
Near drowning Pheochromocytoma
Neurologic insult (e.g., brain injury) Ganglioneuroma
Noxious gas inhalation (e.g., phosphine toxicosis) Extra-adrenal Masses
Oxygen toxicosis Extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma)
Pancreatitis Other Adrenal Masses
Pneumonia (aspiration, other) Myelolipoma
Pulmonary contusions Granulomatous disease (fungal, feline infectious peritonitis [FIP])
Pulmonary embolism Teratoma
Sepsis (e.g., secondary to parvoviral enteritis or other processes) Adrenal cyst
Smoke inhalation Hematoma
Strangulation Metastasis
Stem cell transplantation Mammary gland tumors
Transfusion Lymphoma
Trauma (massive) Leukemia
Upper airway obstruction (laryngeal paralysis, elongated soft palate, foreign Pulmonary adenocarcinoma
body, mass) Other carcinomas (prostate, bladder, gastric)
Uremia Pseudoadrenal Masses
Vasculitis/systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) (e.g., secondary Arising from kidney, pancreas, lymph nodes, and blood vessels
to necrotizing pancreatitis or other generalized inflammatory states) Technical Artifacts
Venous air embolism
From Bonagura J: Kirk’s Current veterinary therapy XIII, St. Louis, 2000, Saunders.
*Risk factors may apply to veterinary patients, human patients, or both.
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