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1198 Anemia: Causes

Anemia: Causes
VetBooks.ir Hemorrhage Benzocaine

Surgery/Trauma
Bleeding Disorder Hydroxyurea
Vitamin K 3
von Willebrand disease/thrombopathia RBC Parasites
Thrombocytopenia Hematoprotozoal Mycoplasma spp
Factor deficiency (hemophilia, liver failure) Cytauxzoonosis
DIC Babesiosis
Ectoparasitosis (Fleas, Ticks, Lice) Microangiopathic
Gastrointestinal Bleeding Splenic torsion
Hookworms Cava syndrome
Peptic ulcer Hemangiosarcoma
GI neoplasia Vasculitis
Heatstroke DIC
Renal Bleeding Decreased Production
Primary renal hematuria Bone Marrow Disorder
Renal telangiectasia Hematopoietic malignancy
Sterile hemorrhagic cystitis Myelofibrosis
Epistaxis Idiopathic aplastic anemia
Neoplasia (Hemangiosarcoma) Irradiation
Hemolysis Aplastic anemia
Antibody-Mediated Pure red cell aplasia
Primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia Immune-mediated RBC precursor destruction
Secondary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia Myelodysplasia
Neonatal isoerythrolysis Infectious Disease
Transfusion reaction Ehrlichia canis
Congenital Feline leukemia virus
Phosphofructokinase deficiency (English springer spaniels, American cocker Histoplasmosis
spaniel) Parvovirus/panleukopenia
Familial nonspherocytic, hemolytic anemia (poodles) Systemic Disease
Elliptocytosis (one crossbred dog) Anemia of chronic disease/inflammation
NADH methemoglobin reductase deficiency (several breeds of dogs) Chronic kidney disease
Hemolytic anemia secondary to RBC membrane defect (beagles) Liver disease
Pyruvate kinase deficiency (beagles, basenjis, West Highland white terriers, Endocrine disease (hypothyroidism, hypoadrenocorticism)
giant schnauzers, Abyssinians) Neoplasia
Vitamin B 12 deficiency (giant schnauzers) Toxin/Drug
Predisposition to oxidant injury, high erythrocyte potassium and low Estrogen
glutathione levels (Akitas, shiba inus) Chemotherapy
Toxin/Drug-Induced Azathioprine
Propylthiouracil Phenylbutazone
Lead Fenbendazole
DL-methionine TMS
Cephalosporins Phenobarbital
Fenbendazole Griseofulvin
Dapsone Quinidine
Gold salts Thiacetarsamide
MLV vaccines NSAIDs
Oxidants Skunk musk
Onions Others
Acetaminophen Nutritional
Methylene blue Mineral deficiency (iron)
Phenacetin Vitamin deficiency (B complex)
Propylene glycol Inadequate protein intake
Phenol compounds (mothballs)
DIC, Disseminated intravascular coagulation; GI, gastrointestinal; IHA, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia; MLV, modified live virus; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; RBC, red blood cell; TMS,
trimethoprim/sulfadiazine.
Modified from Bonagura J: Kirk’s Current veterinary therapy XII: small animal practice, ed 12, St. Louis, 1995, Saunders, p 448.

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