Page 2446 - Cote clinical veterinary advisor dogs and cats 4th

1212 Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic Diabetes Mellitus: Complications

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VetBooks.ir Cause Examples Considerations
Acute-onset cough and respiratory effort; history of
Pulmonary thromboembolism, pulmonary veno-occlusive
Pulmonary vascular disease
predisposing disease (e.g., immune-mediated hemolysis,
disease (PVOD), pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis
protein-losing nephropathy); concurrent pulmonary
(PCH)
hypertension with PVOD and PCH that is refractory to or
progresses to congestive heart failure with PDE5 inhibition
Upper airway obstruction Laryngeal paralysis, brachycephalic airway syndrome, Stridor is characteristic; laryngoscopy and/or cervical
foreign body, polyp imaging useful

Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic

CONGENITAL (Primary) Hypoadrenocorticism
ACQUIRED (Secondary) Portosystemic shunt
Functional Multifactorial or unknown mechanism
Drugs Hepatic insufficiency
Glucocorticoids Hyperthyroidism
Lithium Hyperadrenocorticism
Demeclocycline Postobstructive diuresis
Methoxyflurane Acromegaly
Diuretics Pheochromocytoma
Infections Primary hyperaldosteronism
Escherichia coli endotoxin (e.g., pyelonephritis, pyometra) Leiomyosarcoma
Leptospirosis Structural
Electrolyte/mineral disturbances Medullary interstitial amyloidosis (e.g., in cats, Shar-pei dogs)
Hypokalemia Polycystic kidney disease
Hypercalcemia Chronic pyelonephritis
Altered medullary hypertonicity Chronic interstitial nephritis
Modified from DiBartola S: Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base disorders in small animal practice, ed 4, St. Louis, 2012, Saunders Elsevier.

Diabetes Mellitus: Complications

Complications in Dogs and Cats
Common Uncommon
Iatrogenic hypoglycemia Peripheral neuropathy (dog)
Persistent polyuria and polydipsia (PU/PD) Glomerulonephropathy, glomerulosclerosis
Weight loss Retinopathy
Cataracts (dogs) Systemic hypertension
Bacterial infections, especially of the urinary tract Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Pancreatitis Gastric paresis
Ketoacidosis Diabetic diarrhea
Hepatic lipidosis Diabetic dermatopathy (dog) (i.e., superficial necrolytic dermatitis/
Peripheral neuropathy (cat) hepatocutaneous syndrome)
Modified from Feldman E, Nelson R: Canine and feline endocrinology and reproduction, ed 3, St. Louis, 2004, Saunders.

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