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often be evaluated directly through fine-needle aspiration or Fossum TW. Small animal surgery. 5th ed. St Louis: Elsevier Mosby;
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VetBooks.ir for nasal discharge if such an approach is not possible or is naire for canine idiopathic rhinitis control: instrument develop-
unsuccessful.
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Suggested Readings Henderson SM. Investigation of nasal disease in the cat: a retro-
spective study of 77 cases. J Feline Med Surg. 2004;6:245.
Bissett SA, et al. Prevalence, clinical features, and causes of epistaxis Pomrantz JS, et al. Comparison of serologic evaluation via agar gel
in dogs: 176 cases (1996-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1843;231:2007. immunodiffusion and fungal culture of tissue for diagnosis of
Demko JL, et al. Chronic nasal discharge in cats. J Am Vet Med nasal aspergillosis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2007;203:
Assoc. 2007;230:1032. 1319.