Page 1510 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition

VetBooks.ir Some Selected Cytokines

Adiponectin A glycoprotein secreted exclusively by adipocytes. It
has antiinflammatory activities since it inhibits macrophage
development and the production of TNF-α. Adiponectin
regulates both glucose and lipid metabolism (Chapter 40).

APRIL (A proliferation-inducing ligand) A member of the TNF

superfamily produced by monocytes, dendritic cells, T cells, and
enterocytes. It stimulates the proliferation of B cells and inhibits B
cell apoptosis (Chapter 15).

BAFF (B cell activating factor) A member of the TNF superfamily

produced by T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and
neutrophils. It is expressed on the surfaces of producing cells but
can be cleaved off to act as a soluble cytokine. Like APRIL, it is an
essential survival factor for B cells (Chapter 15).

Eotaxins A family of CC chemokines that selectively attract

eosinophils and mobilize these cells from the bone marrow
(Chapter 29).

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) A growth factor
produced by macrophages, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. It

regulates the maturation of granulocyte progenitors into mature
neutrophils. The term colony-stimulating factor refers to its ability
to promote the growth of bone marrow stem cell “colonies” in
tissue culture (Chapter 5).

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)

Produced by T cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial
cells. It is the major regulator of granulocyte and macrophage
stem cells. It induces M1 differentiation, phagocytosis,
superoxide production, and ADCC by neutrophils (Chapter 18).

High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) A chromatin-binding protein

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