Page 528 - The Veterinary Laboratory and Field Manual 3rd Edition

Arthropod vectors and arthropod-borne diseases 465

Pathogen Tick species distribution Vertebrate hosts diagnostic methods
Borrelia
Lyme disease Ixodes North America Three hosts Difficult
(Borrelia scapularis Lizard, bird, small Serology (ELISA, IFT)
burgdorferi) mammal (larvae, PCR / qPCR from
nymphs) peripheral blood, CSF
Ungulates, humans, or urine
other mammals Blood smear
(adults) (prolonged Giemsa /
Wright, followed by
crystal violet; acridine
orange)
In vitro culture
Lyme disease Ixodes ricinus Europe, Western Three hosts
(Borrelia Asia Lizard, bird, small
burgdorferi) mammal (larvae,
nymphs)
Ungulates, humans,
other mammals
(adults)
Lyme disease Ixodes pacificus North America Three hosts
(Borrelia Lizard, bird, small
burgdorferi) mammal (larvae)
Rodent, human,
horse, dog (nymphs)
Human, horse, dog,
wild ungulates
Lyme disease Ixodes Europe, Three hosts
(Borrelia persulcatus Northern Asia
burgdorferi)
Relapsing Fever Ornithodoros Africa Multi host
(Borrelia duttoni) moubata Caucasus Pig, human
complex Russia
Coxiella
Q-fever (Coxiella Ixodes spp Africa Three hosts Serology (ELISA, IFT)
burnetii) Europe Human, sheep, cattle, PCR from blood / milk
Middle East other ungulates, other
Asia mammals
Australia / New
Zealand
Q-fever (Coxiella Dermacentor
burnetii) spp
Q-fever (Coxiella Rhipicephalus
burnetii) spp
Q-fever (Coxiella Hyalomma spp
burnetii)
Q-fever (Coxiella Amblyomma spp
burnetii)

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