Page 1083 - Adams and Stashak's Lameness in Horses, 7th Edition

Lameness in the Young Horse 1049

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A B

Figure 10.17. Young horse with a traumatic injury to the carpus, flexion. (B) Dorsopalmar radiograph of the carpus, which revealed a
contributing to a carpal valgus. (A) Physical examination of the fracture of the ulna carpal bone (arrow) and collapse of the lateral
carpus revealed effusion of the middle carpal joint and pain on aspect of the middle carpal joint.

other has a varus deformity (Figure 10.18). Usually the Septic Physitis of Cuboidal Bones
limbs can be manually straightened, indicating a soft tis­ The physis within the cuboidal bones can become
sue or cuboidal bone ossification problem and not a
deviation of the bony column. Affected foals are usually septic in young foals. This is most likely from a hema­
togenous route, but can also be from trauma. Any physis
within 2 weeks of birth, may be premature, and usually
are not lame. At the walk, the affected joint may deviate or cuboidal bone can be affected, but most foals only
have a single limb involved. The foals are usually signifi­
inward or outward when weight is placed on the limb
(hence the term spaghetti legs) due to the weakness of the cantly lame and have joint effusion or pain localized to
the physis. Sepsis can cause significant lysis of the physis
supporting soft tissue.
or cuboidal bones leading to collapse that ultimately
contributes to an ALD (Figure 10.20).
Delayed Ossification of the Tarsal
or Carpal Cuboidal Bones Asynchronous Longitudinal Growth
Affected foals are usually born premature or dysma­ Foals with asynchronous physeal growth appear
ture and may have concurrent ligamentous laxity. The clinically normal except for their crooked legs. No pal­
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limbs are often straight at birth and then begin to deviate pable abnormalities should be present and the limbs
within a few days or weeks due to collapsing of the cuboi­ cannot be straightened manually. Varying degrees of
dal bones (Figure 10.19). Valgus deviation of the carpus outward rotation of the limb often accompany foals
and tarsus occurs most commonly. with carpal valgus (Figure 10.16). 6,32 Multiple types of
ALD may be present in the same foal, especially if it
Physeal or Articular Trauma/Fracture has not been treated. Carpal valgus and fetlock varus
may occur concurrently, and the treatment of one
The majority of foals with physeal or articular trauma/ deformity most likely affects the other (Figure 10.21).
fracture have no history of limb deformities until after a
traumatic incident. They may have a single limb involved,
are usually lame, and often have joint effusion DIAGNOSIS
(Figure 10.17). Lameness and pain on manipulation of
the affected joint are the most important clinical findings Foals with ALD of almost any joint can usually be
to suggest trauma as the cause of the ALD. Radiographs diagnosed by visual exam. When examining foals for
are essential to make a definitive diagnosis. ALDs, it is important to note that correct conformation