Page 221 - Adams and Stashak's Lameness in Horses, 7th Edition

Examination for Lameness 187

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technique for the navicular bursa that avoids the deep digital
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Figure 2.198. Needle location and angulation of the spinal 15. David F, Rougier M, Alexander K, et al. Ultrasound‐guided cox­
needle used to inject the contralateral sacroiliac joint from the ofemoral arthrocentesis in horses. Equine Vet J 2007;39:79–83.
cranial aspect of the tuber sacrale. A 10‐inch (25‐cm), 15‐ to 16. Denoix JM, Jacquet S. Ultrasound‐guided injections of the sacro­
16‐gauge spinal needle is bent to an angle of about 40° in the iliac area in horses. Equine Vet Educ 2008;April:203–207.
direction of the needle’s bevel. The needle is inserted through a stab 17. Dyson SJ. Comparison of responses to analgesia of the navicular
incision in the skin 1 inch (2 cm) cranial to the contralateral tuber bursa and intra‐articular analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint
sacrale and directed at a 60° angle to the vertical plane. in 102 horses. Proc Am Assoc Equine Pract 1995;41:234–239.
18. Dyson SJ. The puzzle of distal interphalangeal joint pain. Equine
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injection can be made by using one width of the hand to 19. Dyson SJ, Murray R. Pain associated with the sacroiliac joint
represent the length of one cervical vertebra. The facet region: a clinical study of 74 horses. Equine Vet J 2003;35:
48
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joint is imaged with the ultrasound probe, and a 3.5‐ 20. Dyson SJ, Romero JM. An investigation of injection techniques
inch (8.9‐cm), 18‐ to 20‐gauge spinal needle is advanced for local analgesia of the equine distal tarsus and proximal meta­
toward the joint at an angle so the tip of the needle can tarsus. Equine Vet J 1993;25:30–35.
be seen. The cervical articular processes and joint form 21. Easter JL, Watkins JP, Stephens SL, et al. Effects of regional anes­
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echogenic surface described as having the appearance of 22. Engeli E, Haussler KK, Erb HN. Development and validation of a
a “chair.” Ultrasound is used to direct the needle into periarticular injection technique of the sacroiliac joint in horses.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT 24. Ford TS, Ross MW, Orsini PG. A comparison of methods for
proximal palmar metacarpal analgesia in horses. Vet Surg
The authors thank Dr. Ted S. Stashak for his contri­ 1989;18:146–150.
butions to this chapter in the previous edition. 25. Gayle JM, Redding WR. Comparison of diagnostic anaesthetic
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