Page 225 - Canine Lameness

Ununited German Radiographs (after Pain on elbow Surgical removal, Ideally diagnose and treat
anconeal process Shepherd Dogs, 4–5 months of age) manipulation reattachment ± ulna prior to six months (greater
(UAP) Bernese sufficient – ideally CT to (particularly osteotomy or medical chance of fusion of the
Mountain Dogs, evaluate for MCD and hyperextension) management UAP)
and Mastiffs incongruity
Traumatic elbow Any Radiographs Non-weight-bearing Closed or open Dogs will hold limb in an The Campbell’s test is
luxation lameness and severe reduction (if closed abducted and externally used to detect collateral
pain reduction fails or is rotated position ligament integrity (but
contraindicated) also to detect pain in
dogs with MCD)
Congenital elbow Juvenile Radiographs (CT if Lameness and pain Surgical or nonsurgical Generally have obvious
luxation small-breed (Type surgery is performed) variable management abnormal bony
I) and large-breed conformation of elbow joint
(Type II) dogs
Panosteitis Frequently seen Radiographs (but may Pain on long bone Rest and pain Disease should be self- Other terms include
in German require CT during early palpation and management limiting, if clinical eosinophilic
Shepherd Dogs stages) show shifting leg symptoms continue in the panosteitis, juvenile
between 5 and intramedullary lameness same leg, further imaging osteomyelitis, and
18 months of age radiodensities should be considered enostosis or medullary
fibrosis
Septic arthritis Postsurgical dogs Joint fluid analysis, Moderate-to-severe Antibiotics and Dogs with preexisting joint
and dogs with culture, and physical pain on ROM, consider joint lavage disease (such as arthritis)
preexisting exam findings periarticular are predisposed. A lack of
arthritis swelling, and pitting fever or negative culture
limb edema results do not rule out septic
arthritis
Flexor Same as MCD Radiographs may show Variable degree of Address concomitant Important to differentiate Other terms include
enthesopathy (FE) calcification; however, lameness and pain pathologies if present, primary FE (i.e. no ununited medial
ultrasound is required to upon palpation and nonsurgical concomitant elbow epicondyle and medial
diagnose noncalcified FE stretching of flexor management most pathology) and concomitant humeral condylar
muscles common for primary FE (i.e. together with, most osteochondritis
form commonly, MCD) dissecans

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