Page 224 - Canine Lameness
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Table 14.1  Key features for selected diseases affecting the elbow region.
                         Common
                Disease  signalment  Diagnostic test of choice  Exam findings  Treatment  Clinical pearls  Terminology
                Fractures  Any (condylar   Radiographs (orthogonal   Pain, crepitus,   Depends on location   Articular fractures generally  Y-T fracture = inter- or
                         fractures most   views   non-weight-bearing   but frequently surgical   require surgical fixation,   bicondylar fracture
                         common in   needed – particularly to   lameness  fixation recommended  hence condylar fractures are
                         small-breeds,   detect minimally               generally treated surgically
                         approximately   displaced condylar
                         4 months old)  fractures; Figure 14.4)
                Incomplete   Spaniel breeds  CT (Radiographs may   Pain on elbow   Surgical fixation   Frequently   DD: Progressive
                ossification of the   show radiolucent line   hyperextension or   recommended (to avoid  bilateral – evaluate (and   humeral intracondylar
                humeral condyle    across condyles or smooth  may be   fracture)  treat) both sides ASAP  fissure (HIF) – same
                (IOHC)             proliferation along lateral   asymptomatic         treatment
                                   supracondylar crest)
                Incongruity  Same as MCD/  CT or arthroscopy  Same as MCD/UAP  Same as MCD/UAP  Incongruity is contributing   Premature physeal
                         UAP                                            feature to Elbow dysplasia  closure may result in
                                                                                      severe incongruity and
                                                                                      angular limb deformity
                Medial   Large-/giant-  Radiographs if secondary   Pain upon ROM   Surgical treatment in   Adult dogs may present with  Previously known as
                Compartment   breeds, with   changes are present – CT   and Campbell’s    combination with   traumatic fractures of the   FCP – Fragmented
                Disease (MCD)  Labrador   during early stages or for   test, joint effusion,   lifelong medical   coronoid   Coronoid Process;
                         Retrievers and   “traumatic fractures of   periarticular   management or medical  process – establishing a   other terminology
                         Bernese   the coronoid process”  swelling or no clear   management  diagnosis in these patients   includes (medial)
                         Mountain Dogs           abnormalities          requires CT/arthroscopy   coronoid disease
                         are predisposed                                since radiographs are
                                                                        normal
               Osteochondrosis   Same as MCD  CT or arthroscopy  Same as MCD  Same as MCD  Generally not an isolated   “Kissing lesions” occur
               Dissecans (OCD)                                          disease in the elbow but   in the same
                                                                        rather with MCD  location – these are due
                                                                                      to coronoid pathology
                                                                                      and not a true OCD
                                                                                      lesion

























        0004507097.INDD   196                                                                12/10/2019   1:31:08 PM
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