Page 2337 - Saunders Comprehensive Review For NCLEX-RN

he did exactly what was necessary to stay alive.
14. Refer the victim to crisis intervention and support
groups.

Box 67-1

Types of Crises

Maturational

▪ Relates to developmental stages and associated role changes; examples include
marriage, birth of a child, and retirement

Situational

▪ Arises from an external source, is often unanticipated, and is associated with a
life event that upsets an individual’s or group’s psychological equilibrium;
examples include loss of a job or a change in job, change in financial status,
death of a loved one, divorce, abortion, addition of new family members,
pregnancy, and severe physical or mental illness

Adventitious

▪ Relates to a crisis of disaster, is not a part of everyday life; it is unplanned and
accidental. Adventitious crises may result from a natural disaster (e.g., floods,
fires, tornadoes, earthquakes), a national disaster (e.g., war, riots, airplane
crashes), or a crime of violence (e.g., rape, assault, murder in the workplace or
school, bombings, or spousal or child abuse).

From Varcarolis E: Essentials of psychiatric mental health nursing, revised reprint, ed 2,
Philadelphia, 2013, Saunders.

Box 67-2

The Grief Response

Stage 1: Shock and Disbelief

▪ Individual may have feelings of numbness, difficulties with decision making,
emotional outbursts, denial, and isolation.

Stage 2: Experiencing the Loss

▪ If the grief response is the result of a loss of a loved one, the individual may feel

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