Page 25 - Complexity Perspective_Neat

that they are open—then it can be shown that
structures and patterns can emerge.

How does this come about? ....briefly, it is the
second law of thermodynamics applied to closed
systems that give us the notion of the arrow of
time, associated with increasing decay, disorder,
and entropy. In open systems, interacting with
the environment, order and structure can develop
inside the system at the expense of energy or ‘stuff’
from the outside.

So locally the general running down and decay
over time that thermodynamics predicts for the
universe as a whole can be reversed. A local
system—the planet, the piece of land, the
ecosystem, the city, or the body—may at times
show increasingly complex patterns of structure
and organization.

Based on: Boulton, Jean G.; Allen, Peter M.;
Bowman, Cliff (2015-07-30). Embracing
Complexity: Strategic Perspectives for an Age of
Turbulence (Page 20). OUP Oxford.

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