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Unit 19: Biology Part 2 Page 12 of 137

Integumentary system- The outer covering of the body; made up of the
skin, hair, and nails.

internal respiration – the process of blood taking oxygen to the cells of the
body and exchanging it for carbon dioxide

Involuntary muscle- A muscle that a person cannot consciously control;
cardiac muscle and smooth muscle are involuntary.

Iris – Colored part of the eye around the pupil

Jejunum - The second part of the small intestine; where most nutrients are
absorbed into the blood; lined with tiny “fingers” called villi.

Joints- Point at which two or more bones meet.

Keratin- Tough, waterproof protein that is found in epidermal skin cells, nail,
and hair.

kidney – organ that filters urine

kidney stone – crystalized nitrogen-bearing compound that can lead to
intense pain

Ligaments- Fibrous tissue that connects bones to other bones; made of
tough collagen fibers.

Lipids - Nutrients such as fats that are rich in energy; organic compound.

Lymphocytes – White blood cells involved in the immune response

Lysozymes – Enzymes that kill pathogens

Mechanical digestion - Digestion with the teeth.

Melanin- The brownish pigment that gives skin and hair their color.

Minerals - Chemical elements that are needed for body processes.

Motor Division – Part of the PNS that sends messages from the brain back to
the internal organs

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