Page 35 - Class Portfolio2019

UNIT I
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

MODULE 9
Basic Theory of Learning:
EDWARD THORNDIKE’S CONNECTIONISM

Objective:

 To identify the concept, laws and principles of Edward Thorndike's theory of
connectionism and how it will be applied to students' learning.

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What is Connectionism Theory?

Connectionism Theory- is based on the principle of active learning and is the result of the work
of the American psychologist Edward Thorndike.

Edward Thorndike- is an influential psychologist who is often referred to as the founder of
modern educational psychology.

Connectionism Theory was based on the principles of associationism, claiming that elements
or ideas become associated with one another through experience.

According to Connectionism Theory, learning is the result of associations forming between
stimuli and responses. Such associations become strengthened or weakened by nature or S-R
pairings. The paradigm for S-R theory was trial and error learning in which certain responses

come to dominate others due to rewards.

Primary Laws in Thorndike’s theory:

1. Law of readiness- learning takes place when an action tendency is aroused through
preparatory adjustment, set or attitude. If one is not prepared to learn, learning cannot be
automatically instilled in him.

2. Law of exercise- means that drills or practice helps in increasing efficiency and durability of
learning. According to this theory, the connections are strengthened with trial or practice and the
connections are weakened when trial or practice is discontinued.

3. Law of effect- signifies that if the response satisfies the subject, they are learnt and selected,
while those which are not satisfying are eliminated. Teaching must be pleasing. The educator
must obey the tastes and interests of his students. In other words, the greater the satisfaction,
the stronger will be the motive to learn. Thus, intensity is an important condition.

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