Page 31 - Class Portfolio2019

UNIT I
PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION

Example:

You're taking the last bus of the night, and you're the only passenger. A single man gets
on and sits in the row behind you. When your stop comes around, he also gets off the bus. He's
walking behind you. You feel tingles down your spine with a rush of adrenaline. You know that
there have been several muggings in your city over the past few weeks, so you feel afraid.

The Lazarus Theory - builds on the Schacter-Singer theory, taking it to another level. It
proposes that when an event occurs, a cognitive appraisal is made (either consciously or
subconsciously), and based on the result of that appraisal, an emotion and physiological
response follow.

Example:
You're buying a few last-minute items at the gas station, when two young men in
hooded sweatshirts enter the store in a hurry, with their hands in their jacket pockets. You think
perhaps they're here to rob the place, so you get scared, and your feel like you might throw up.

Methods of eradicating undesirable emotional behavior

 Disuse

Avoid that which causes the undesirable behaviour if one is afraid of the dark, do not give
him a chance to be in the dark, eventually the fear disappears.

 Frequent application of the stimulus

If a child is afraid of the dark, bring him often to the dark. Eventually the fear disappears.

 Ridicule or Scorn

If a male child is fearful of the dark call him a coward “you are not a man” etc. his pride will
dare him go into the dark.

 Social imitation

If a child is afraid of puppies, show him that other persons are not afraid of puppies and that
he can handle without getting harmed.

 Verbal appeal

Give as many plausible reasons as possible against an undesirable emotional attitude.

 Reconditioning

If a child does not like to take medicine because it is bitter, make the medicine sweet. If he
is afraid to take a bath, let him play with water if possible, in a bath tub.

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