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PHENOMENOLOGY – a method of philosophical
investigation that seeks to describe and
understand experienced phenomena. Although
phenomenological methodologies are deliberately
complex and opaque, one could say that the ‘goal’
of phenomenology is to challenge and question the
foundational knowledge claims.

PHILIPPINE HIGHWAY – it refers to any road,
street, passage, highway and bridges or other
parts thereof, or railway or railroad within the
Philippines used by persons, or vehicles, or
locomotives or trains for the movement or
circulation of persons or transportation of goods,
articles, or property or both.

PHRENOLOGY – the study of the structure of the
skull to determine a person’s character and mental
capacity. It is associated with the work of the
Austrian physician Franz Joseph Gall - one of the
first to consider the brain as the home of all mental
activities.

PHYSICAL ABUSE – it refers to the intentional
behavior towards a child by parents or caretaker to
cause pain, injury or death. A deliberate non-
accidental physical assault or action by an adult or
significantly older nor more powerful child that
includes the use of unreasonable force to discipline
a child or not to prevent a child from harming him
or herself or others.

PHYSICAL EVIDENCE – all articles and materials
which are found in connection with an investigation
and which aid in establishing the identity of the
perpetrator of the circumstances under which the

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