Page 172 - Nicolaes Witsen & Shipbuilding in the Dutch Golden Age

Chapter Two
with canvas and r ope to prevent cleavages due to dr ying out.
Thefootofthepumpstoodbelowdec ksinasemi- circular copper basket, which prevented the pump from clogging.
The handle, fixed into the pivot, was connected to the pump rod. The “bucket” and, w ithin it, the le ather valve or “clapper”was attached to the rod. Inside the pipe was another valve, the haertje, which kept water from flowing back into the ship.
On the steering st and there were two pump s near the mizzenmast and one near the main mast.
To work the pump, the pipe fi rst had to be fi lled with water. Above, in the steering st and, the pipe h ad a hole to which a hose was attached, which took the water from the pump to the pump dale; from there it drained through pipes to the sides of the ship.
Down in the hold c asings were m ade around the pumps to prevent damage to them by parts of the cargo.
The heads for the crew, as we have seen, were on the beakhead. The privy of the c aptain was in the bench in- side his cabin. The latter had a lid with a rounded border, called the parrot beak.
103. The Bulkhead before the Upper Cabin.
(266 II 22) The upper cabin is sometimes divided in two: and in that case the en trance is sometimes made with two doors, of which one leads into a special room: the dome of the door being sligh tly raised above the deckhead, to make access all the easier.
(56 I 17) In No. 14 [fig. 2.206] the door of the upper cabin, and the bulkhead of the upper cabin are shown.
Above the bulkhead stands a cornice, and also be- low, against the seams of the planks.
(88 II 34 ) the posts are thick 3 1⁄2 inches, and as broad, the portholes they are 1 foot from the door, they arehighandwide,fromthedeck,1 1⁄2 feet.Thebulk- head stands upright, the door wide 2 feet 9 inches, the posts thick and broad 31⁄2 inches, paneled inside and out wide one-inch planks, and the upper cabin is also roofed with these, the porthole in the upper cabin comes 2 feet 2 inches from the bulkhead , and from the deck 1 foot 8 inches, high and wide 1 f oot 6 inches. On the aft side of the bulkhead there are 2 knees, thick and broad 5 in. and the ends are long 3 feet. T o the schiltje [unclear; probably the front bulkhead of the forec astle] there is a bulkhead of sawn planks, th e door is as above, the ridges of 2 inches.
(87 II 48) The window in the upper cabin is wide 1 foot, high 14 inches, it comes almost as high as the ledges, outside, a frame is made thick 2 inches, broad
3 inches. Around the window in the gallery the ridge frame is thick 3 inches, broad 4 1⁄2 inches. Around the window of the cabin it is broad 4 inches, thick 21⁄2 inches.
103. The Bulkhead before the Upper Cabin
In the middle of th is clinker-built bulkhead there was a door with a porthole to the left and right, admitting light and air into the room th at was used as the officers’ quar- ters abaft it. Above, a cornice marked the edge of the deck above the upper cabin. The upper cabin was often divided into forward and aft rooms.
104. Pinrails.
(65 II 7 ) The Pinrail, comes on to the top timbers, against the gunwale; for the sak e of strength cut with hidden scarfs.
. ..
(56 I 5 2) In plate N o.15 [fig. 2.208], is the Pinrail , from another perspective than shown before.
Figure 2.206. porthole.
Plate XXXIII. Cabin door, cornice, bulwark,
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