Page 16 - IR's Silent Revolution

An Extensive Design Effort

 Since Bio-Toilets had to be retro-fitted in all existing

coaches with varied design elements in coach

undergear, a number of design variants of bio-

toilets had to be designed.

 Each bio-tank, when full was expected to weigh

400 kgs. This significant weight, suspended from the

underframe at the coach ends, required the design

to completely address all safety issues.

 Apart from the structural design of the tank, the

bacteria(inoculum) had to so chosen so that it is:

 Self-multiplying.

 Effective, even with train vibrations/ motion.

 Absolutely safe for humans.

 Degrade waste completely to gas & water.

 Degradation process was odourless.