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F ORUM                                                                          TEACHINGS  |  EASTERN HORIZON     611
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           beings. In this way, serving others   countries led by upright leaders   not something to be expected to
           in an engaged way is built into the   with genuine concern for their   naturally occur in an individual’s
           ethical conduct for bodhisattvas   citizens flourished in peace and   mind by sheer association with
           and thus can be embraced by others   prosperity. This clearly testifies   such teachings, or by being in
           similarly inclined.               to the folly of corruption rooted   the company of practitioners,
                                             in greed and selfishness and to   unless one purposefully and
           The principle of non-violence is   the fruits of morality, love and   regularly takes them to heart. At
           central to Buddhist teachings,    compassion.                       times, affiliation with a particular
           but in certain countries where                                      religion by whatever means, or
           Buddhism has been the dominant    Min Wei: As a matter of fact,     even becoming knowledgeable in
           religion, we read of the military   there is no problem regarding the   the Dharma may only serve to fuel
           and sometimes monastics           religion or the teachings itself as   and enhance afflictions such as in-
           stirring up hostility and even    all these conflicts and violence are   group biases or arrogance when
           violence towards other faiths and   due to human issues. According to   the understandings stop short of
           ethnic minorities. Their hard line   Buddhism, the origin of conflict or   integrating with one’s mind and
           is causing increasing concern.    violence amongst us comes from    taming it. After all, society is made
           How do we explain why centuries   our own desire, greed, hatred and   up of individuals.
           of Buddhist teachings of love,    attachment. Only loving kindness
           compassion, and mindfulness       and understanding can solve our   Written by Geshe Dadul Namgyal
           have not filtered into the social   problems and conflicts. The source   and edited by Martha Leslie Baker.
           culture of these countries?       of problems basically stems from
                                             the lack of understanding and                      Venerable
           Aggacitta: Whatever they call     selfishness.                                       Āyasmā
           themselves—Buddhists, Christians,                                                    Aggacitta is the
           Hindus, Muslims, Atheists; or     However, the Buddha gave us many                   founder of the
           whatever occupations they         teachings which are conducive to                   Sāsanārakkha
           profess—politicians, armed forces,   our happiness in this world and                 Buddhist
           monks, religious leaders, social   hereafter. These teachings include   Sanctuary (SBS) in Taiping, Perak,
           activists—all humans are subject   the four immeasurables which     a Pāli scholar and a meditation
           to the three unwholesome roots of   are loving kindness, compassion,   teacher.
           greed, hate and delusion. Until and   empathetic joy, and equanimity.
                                                                                                Geshe Dadul
           unless these mental defilements are   The aim of learning Buddhism is to
                                                                                                Namgyal
           understood and tamed, the world   overcome our desires, hatred and
           will always be in turmoil as humans   ignorance until we attain realization          is a Geshe
                                                                                                Lharampa and
           sway under their influence.       and enlightenment - not to increase
                                                                                                senior resident
                                             or accumulate more wealth, seek
           Nowadays this issue is exacerbated                                                   teacher at
                                             out more pleasure, higher position,
           by the ubiquitous influence of                                      Drepung Loseling Monastery in
                                             greater power or to chase for honor.
           social media that can quickly and                                   Atlanta, Georgia, USA
           drastically erode the established
                                             Thus, we should really put the
           social and cultural norms of a                                      Ven. Min Wei is a teacher of
                                             teachings into practice, stop fueling
           society.                                                            e-learning at the International
                                             anger and hatred. Instead, we
                                                                               Buddhist College (IBC) and
                                             should start cultivating the seed of
           History has repeatedly shown                                        an independent translator of
                                             compassion and understanding.
           us that empires fell when their                                     Buddhism.  EH
                                             Geshe Dadul: The practice of love,
           ruling elites slid into corruption
                                             compassion, mindfulness, etc. is
           and neglect of their citizens, while
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