Page 29 - The Insurance Times May 2025

terms, inundation refers to the act of overflow of water and often used synonymously to refer to the act of overflowing
the result of such overflow. of water over land that is generally dry. It was established
that floods are not restricted to overflowing water bodies
The court maintained, 'Similarly, given our prior discussion as pluvial floods occur independently of a water body. From
on pluvial floods, which occur independently of a water body, the above judgements, one can easily understand the
it is clear that floods are not restricted to overflow of water importance of context. Insurance companies often miss this
bodies'. The argument put forward by the insurance point and frequently make a mistake, much to the chagrin
company that the terms 'flood' and 'inundation' cannot be of the customers.
equated, and, secondly, that 'flood' needs to be understood
References -
in a narrow sense to refer only to the overflowing of a water
body, and to exclude instances where overflowing of water 1. https://indiankanoon.org/doc/79114189/ Supreme
occurs due to excessive rainfall was found untenable by the Court of India -The Oriental Insurance Co.Ltd. vs M/S
court. J.K.Cement Works on 28 January 2020
2. Young Vs Sun Alliance and London Insurance Ltd (1976)
It was established that the terms 'flood' and 'inundation' are 2Loyd's Rep 189 Court of Appeal

Emerging Trends in Cyber Threats – A 2025 Perspective

In today’s hyper-connected world, cyber threats are rapidly evolving, posing significant challenges to individuals, busi-
nesses, and governments. As digital transformation accelerates across sectors, cybercriminals are exploiting new
technologies and shifting tactics, leading to a complex and constantly changing threat landscape.
One of the prominent trends in 2025 is the rise of AI-powered cyberattacks. Cybercriminals are now leveraging gen-
erative AI tools to craft highly convincing phishing emails, deepfake videos, and synthetic voice attacks. These tech-
niques bypass traditional security controls and exploit human vulnerabilities, increasing the success rate of social
engineering scams.
Ransomware-as-a-Service (RaaS) continues to be a growing menace. With ready-to-use ransomware kits now avail-
able on the dark web, even low-skilled attackers can launch devastating attacks on critical infrastructure and SMEs.
These attacks are becoming more targeted and data-driven, often using double extortion tactics—encrypting files
and threatening to leak sensitive data.
Another emerging threat is the exploitation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. As smart homes, cities, and industrial
systems expand, poorly secured IoT devices offer an easy entry point for cyber intrusions. Attacks on healthcare de-
vices, smart grids, and connected cars are anticipated to rise significantly.

Supply chain attacks have also grown in frequency and impact. Cybercriminals now infiltrate third-party vendors to
reach their ultimate target, making even well-secured organizations vulnerable due to interconnected digital ecosys-
tems.
In response, cybersecurity strategies are shifting toward Zero Trust Architecture, continuous threat detection, and
proactive incident response. There's also a growing emphasis on cyber resilience—not just preventing breaches but
ensuring rapid recovery and continuity of operations.

Overall, staying ahead in 2025 requires organizations to embrace advanced threat intelligence, invest in workforce
awareness, and adopt a layered, adaptive security framework that evolves in sync with the ever-changing threat
landscape.

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The Insurance Times May 2025 27