Page 48 - Banking Finance January 2025

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90%. In 2021-22 and 2022-23, the actual expendi- connectivity to all eligible rural habitations. In 2024-
ture even exceeded the budget estimates. Data on 25, it has been allocated Rs 12,000 crore, 29% less
land records is available in the form of text and than the revised estimate for 2023-24. PMGSY has
spatial data. Text data includes records of rights, four verticals:-
which provide information about ownership of land,
The first one targets habitats with a population of
its use and irrigation status. Spatial data involves
more than 250 people and it was extended till Sep-
cadastral maps which contain information about
tember 2022.
the division of land and boundaries. Under the
The second vertical targets to upgrade 50,000 km
programme, cadastral maps are being digitised
of roads which are through routes and act as ma-
with modern Geographic Information System (GIS)
encoding. jor links.
2. Social Initiatives The third vertical, launched in 2019, targets to con-
solidate 1.2 lakh km of roadways that connects
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA): This program aims
to provide universal elementary education to all chil- markets and city centres.
dren, including those in rural areas. is a flagship gov- The Road Connectivity Project for Left Wing Ex-
ernment program in India aimed at providing uni- tremism Affected Areas (RCPLWEA) was launched
versal elementary education to all children aged 6- as a separate vertical in 2016 and was to be imple-
14 years. Launched in 2001, SSA focuses on ensur- mented till March, 2023. As of July, 2024, out of
ing that all children, regardless of their gender, the 8,22,351 km of road sanctioned under the
caste, or socioeconomic background, have access scheme, 92% of the roads have been completed.
to quality education.
Table: Length of road sanctioned and completed
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Gramin): Focuses on
housing for all, targeting to build millions of afford- under different verticals of PMGSY (in km)
able homes for the rural poor PMAY (G) was
Vertical Sanctioned Completed Completion
launched in 2016 to address gaps in the demand Rate
and supply of rural housing. It aimed to ensure
PMGSY I 6,44,885 6,24,129 97%
housing for all by 2022. Based on the Socio Eco-
nomic and Caste Census (SECC), 2011, the housing PMGSY II 49,857 48,874 98%
shortage in rural areas was estimated to be 4.03 PMGSY III 1,15,446 77,879 67%
crore. PMAY(G) had the target to build 2.95 crore RCPLWEA 12,163 8,961 74%
pucca houses in rural areas in two phases. In Phase
I, the target was to build one crore houses between Total 8,22,351 7,59,844 92%
2016 and 2019. In Phase II, 1.95 crore houses were #Sources: PMGSY Dashboard as accessed on July 15, 2024
targeted to be built between 2019 and 2022. By National Health Mission (NHM): NHM is a flagship
2022, a total of 2.10 crore houses had been com- health initiative launched by the Government of
pleted under both the phases. The programme was India in 2005. It aims to improve the health status
extended till March, 2024 to meet the targets. For of the people of India, especially women, children,
2024-25, the scheme has been allocated Rs 54,500 and those in rural areas. The mission is imple-
crore, an increase of 70% over the revised estimate mented in partnership with states and union terri-
of 2023-24. tories. NHM aims to reduce maternal mortality
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY): To ratio (MMR) to 100 per 100,000 live births by 2025.
enhances rural connectivity by building all-weather The mission seeks to reduce infant mortality rate
roads to unconnected villages the government had (IMR) to 28 per 1,000 live births by 2025.
launched the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana National Rural Health Mission (NRHM): NRHM
(PMGSY) in 2000 to address poor connectivity in was a flagship health initiative launched by the Gov-
rural areas. The scheme is being implemented ernment of India in 2005 with the aim of improv-
across four verticals to provide all weather road ing healthcare delivery in rural areas. It was

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