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Coal and natural gas are also used to produce plastics. Crude oil obtained from
drilling is processed in large refineries producing hundreds of bi-products like
ethane, propane, Petrol, paraffin, lubricating oils and high petroleum gases.
Ethylene, propylene is then polymerized in a closed reactor under computerized
controlled environment. A powered material (polymer) resembling detergent
powder is obtained. The powder is then mixed with additives in a continuous blender
and feed to extruder. Melted plastic is extruded, cooled and then feed to a pelletizer
which cuts the plastics in to small pellets (granules). These are then packed and
supplied to market. Processors use this plastic pellets to produce different plastic
products using various processing techniques.
How Much Oil is needed for Plastics?
Crude oil, like natural gas and coal, is a non-renewable resource: once we have
used them up, they cannot be replaced. Plastics being produced from oil has raised
question concerning its sustainability.
However, only 4% of global oil production is used for plastics. 87% is used for
transport, energy and heating and simply burnt and lost. Plastics is the most
sustainable use of oil since it “borrows” fossil hydrocarbons and returns them
afterwards into the fuel cycle. Used plastics can be recycled up to six times. If it
doesn't make economic or environmental sense to recycle, then the energy can be
recovered through Energy from Waste incineration. Used plastics have a higher
calorific value than coal and at a time of high energy prices unrecyclable materials
can, through EfW (energy from waste) provide a much needed local energy supply.
On the contrary, processing of natural materials like glass, wood, metal, paper
consumes far more energy and thus more consumption of fossil fuels. Alternative
new technologies provide to make plastics form biomass and other renewable
sources. So plastics replace several natural products which are either scare,
consume more energy for processing or cause damage to ecosystem during their
production. Thus use of plastics makes positive contribution to the sustainability of
earth's resources and is in fact a SOLUTION rather than being a issue……
Why Plastics?
Plastics are one of the greatest innovations of the millennium and have proved their
reputation to be true. Plastics are most versatile materials as different plastics
possess different unique property for specific application requirements and further
these properties can be tailored to meet specific demand by addition of fillers,
additives or making blends, compounds and alloys.
They are good electrical & thermal insulators, light weight, tough and unbreakable;
provide design freedom, durable, energy efficient and recyclable. It would be difficult
to imagine our modem world without plastics. There are hard plastics and soft
plastics, transparent or opaque and colourful ones, generally are resistant to
corrosion and chemicals, have high strength-to-weight ratio, are easy to
manufacture, low cost, non toxic having good durability and resistant to water.
Today they have become integral part of everyone's lifestyle finding applications
form ones kitchen to electrical & electronics, automotive, packaging, construction,
aviation, science and the list goes on.
Future is PLASTICS............... So Say YES to PLASTICS...

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