Page 359 - Basic _ Clinical Pharmacology ( PDFDrive )

CHAPTER 19 Nitric Oxide 345

SUMMARY Nitric Oxide

Subclass, Pharmacokinetics,
Drug Mechanism of Action Effects Clinical Applications Toxicity, Interactions
NITRIC OXIDE NO activates soluble Vasodilator • relaxes other smooth muscle Hypoxic respiratory failure and Inhaled gas • Toxicity:
(NO) guanylyl cyclase to elevate • inhalation of NO leads to increased blood pulmonary hypertension Methemoglobinemia
cGMP levels in vascular flow to parts of the lung exposed to NO and
smooth muscle decreased pulmonary vascular resistance

PREP AR A TIONS Guix FX et al: The physiology and pathophysiology of nitric oxide in the brain.
Prog Neurobiol 2005;76:126.
A V AIL ABLE McMillan K et al: Allosteric inhibitors of inducible nitric oxide synthase dimer-
ization discovered via combinatorial chemistry. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA
2000;97:1506.
GENERIC NAME AVAILABLE AS
Moncada S, Higgs EA: The discovery of nitric oxide and its role in vascular biology.
Nitric oxide INOmax Br J Pharmacol 2006;147:S193.
Napoli C, Ignarro LJ: Nitric oxide-releasing drugs. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol
2003;43:97.
REFERENCES Paige JS, Jaffrey, SR: Pharmacologic manipulation of nitric oxide signaling: Targeting
Chen Z, Stamler JS: Bioactivation of nitroglycerin by the mitochondrial aldehyde NOS dimerization and protein-protein interactions. Curr Topics Med Chem
dehydrogenase. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2006;16:259. 2007;7:97.
Griffiths MJ, Evans TW: Inhaled nitric oxide therapy in adults. N Engl J Med Wimalawansa SJ: Nitric oxide: New evidence for novel therapeutic indications.
2005;353:2683. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008;9:1935.