Page 20 - Human anatomy COMPLETELY DONE1

glycerol and fatty acids, carbohydrates to glucose is completed.
The inner surface of the small intestine consists of a large number of small villi
(figure 13). The villi wall is formed by a single-layer epithelium, through which
substances dissolved in water are absorbed from the intestinal cavity. Inside the villi
are blood and lymphatic vessels, where these substances enter.

Figure 13.

The blood flowing from the intestines may contain toxic substances that came

with food or were formed during digestion. Therefore, first the blood is sent through
special vessels to the liver, where dangerous compounds for the body are split and
neutralized.
From the small intestine, the remnants of food move into the large intestine,
through the inner layer of which water is actively absorbed into the blood. However, a
lot of water remains in undigested residues. The glands of the colon produce a secret in
which there are few enzymes, but a lot of mucus that facilitates their promotion.
Numerous and diverse beneficial bacteria living in the colon feed on the remains. At
the same time, a number of vitamins necessary for a person are synthesized.

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