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THE HUMAN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. GENERAL PRESENTATION

The human digestive system (figure 11) consists of their digestive tract and
digestive glands. The food moves along the tract, undergoes mechanical grinding and
is mixed with the secretions of the glands. The glands produce enzymes that break down
the original complex substances to simpler ones.
The main organs of the digestive tract are the mouth, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, colon.
The wall of the digestive canal is formed by three layers: the outer connective
tissue, the middle muscle, and the inner mucous, consisting of epithelial tissue. Through
the mucous layer, nutrients are absorbed into the blood and lymph. In many
departments, especially in the small intestine, the inner layer has a folded surface with
many small glands. They produce and secrete digestive juices into the canal cavity.
External digestive glands include salivary glands, liver, pancreas. To extract
juices into the cavity of the digestive canal, special ducts depart from them. However,
participation in digestion is not their only function.

Figure 11. Human digestive system

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