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Charging by friction: The process of charging two uncharged objects by
rubbing the two objects together.

Explanation of static electricity:
When an ebonite rod is rubbed with a
piece of silk:

Silk (+ve) Electrons transfer Ebonite (-ve)

Silk Silk + + electron
Ebonite + electron
Ebonite -

? Object (loses electrons) becomes positively charged, while the
object (gains electrons) becomes negatively charged

-The charges that accumulate on the surfaces of objects when they lose or
gain electrons are described as static electricity (electrostatic charges).

Static Electricity (Electrostatic charges): The charges that accumulate
on the surfaces of objects when they lose or gain electrons.

-The type of charge acquired by the rubbed object differs
depending on the:

1- Type of the rubbing material.

2- Position of the material in the

electrostatic series.

First Term 104