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The “Commitment to Consult” document reinforces the
            commitment to coordinate responses to regional challenges,
            provocations, and threats, protecting collective interests
            and ensuring security. However, it’s not expected that South
            Korea would engage in joint military action in a Taiwan crisis,
            though contingencies in both the Taiwan Strait and Korean
            Peninsula are considered. These cooperative efforts aim to be
            institutionalized and sustainable, reducing the risk of security
            cooperation breakdown due to political circumstances in each
            country.


                                  Challenges Ahead:

              Credible Extended Nuclear Deterrence and Threat Reduction


            In Northeast Asia, the increasing risk of emergencies in
            Taiwan and the Korean Peninsula also increases nuclear
            risks. Conflicts in Northeast Asia might involve not only
            conventional land, sea, and air combat but also large-scale
            missile attacks using ballistic and cruise missiles with improved
            precision strike capabilities, hybrid warfare including
            information warfare such as operations by paramilitary forces
            and false flag operations, and asymmetric attacks using space,
            cyber, electromagnetic domains, and unmanned assets, all
            under the long shadow of nuclear weapons.


            In such a strategic environment, it is essential to construct a
            deterrence posture that integrates deterrence by denial and
            deterrence by resilience, as well as deterrence by punishment
            and cost-imposing measures, not only within the Japan-U.S.



            Chapter Twelve : Trilateral Cooperation is Essential to Deter Pyongyang and Dissuade Beijing  205
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