Page 79 - Org 3 theoritical book 2024-25

Clinical Pharmacy PharmD - 2024/2025 Level 2 Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-3 (PC 305)

Disaccharides

a) Sucrose

Ordinary table sugar is a disaccharide called sucrose.

Obtained commercially from sugarcane or sugar beets.

The structure of sucrose is based on the following evidence:

1. Sucrose has the molecular formula C 12H 22O 11.

2. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of 1 mol of sucrose yields 1 mol of D-glucose and 1 mol

of D-fructose.

3. Sucrose is a nonreducing sugar; it gives negative tests with Benedict’s and Tollens’
solutions. It does not form an osazone and does not undergo mutarotation. The two hexoses

have a glycosidic linkage that involves C1 of glucose and C2 of fructose.

b) Maltose

The structure of maltose was deduced based on the following evidence:

1. When 1 mol of maltose is subjected to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, it yields 2 mol

of D-(+)-glucose.