Page 78 - Org 3 theoritical book 2024-25

Clinical Pharmacy PharmD - 2024/2025 Level 2 Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-3 (PC 305)
3. Conversion to Esters

Treating a monosaccharide with excess acetic anhydride and a weak base
(such as pyridine or sodium acetate) converts all the hydroxyl groups,
including the anomeric hydroxyl, to ester groups.

4. Oxidation Reactions of Monosaccharides

Benedict’s or Tollens’ Reagents: Reducing Sugars

5. Reactions of Monosaccharides with Phenylhydrazine:

(Osazone formation)

The aldehyde group of an aldose reacts with phenyl hydrazine, three molar

equivalents of phenylhydrazine are consumed and a second phenylhydrazone

group is introduced at C2.