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prospects	 for	 most	 services	 can	 intelligently	 evaluate	 the	 rational	 features	 of
your	and	other	services	and	make	an	informed,	rational	choice.

   Your	 prospects	 feel	 like	 the	 jurors	 in	 case	 after	 case.	 Befuddled	 by	 the	 facts
and	often	mistrustful	of	the	parties	offering	those	facts,	these	jurors	look	beyond
the	 facts,	 to	 things	 like	 the	 shine	 of	 the	 defendant’s	 shoes,	 the	 niceness	 of	 the
defendant’s	attorney,	and	a	dozen	other	irrelevant	details.

   Appeal	only	to	a	prospect’s	reason,	and	you	may	have	no	appeal	at	all.

How	Prospects	Decide:	Choosing	the	Familiar

	

In	1988,	two	telemarketing	companies	began	business.
   In	 Omaha,	 Nebraska,	 Steve	 Edleman	 established	 Edleman	 Telemarketing

with	 a	 hundred	 stations,	 some	 contacts,	 and	 a	 full-page	 ad	 on	 the	 back	 of
Telemarketing	 magazine.	 The	 ad	 was	 a	 huge	 investment	 for	 such	 a	 small
company,	 an	 investment	 that	 Edleman	 has	 continued	 to	 make	 every	 month	 for
what	is	now	seven	years.

   Three	 months	 later,	 in	 Minneapolis,	 Gary	 Cohen	 and	 Rick	 Diamond	 opened
ACI	Telemarketing	with	superior	technology	and	a	strong	pitch.

   Today,	 Edleman	 Telemarketing	 is	 the	 giant	 of	 the	 industry.	 ACI	 is	 just	 as
competent,	but	much	smaller.

   Edleman’s	 success	 suggests	 how	 prospects	 make	 decisions.	 They	 rely	 on
familiarity.	From	ad	after	full-page	ad,	prospects	had	heard	more	about	Edleman.
So	whenever	they	were	in	doubt—which	was	often—prospects	chose	Edleman.

   People	choose	what	seems	most	familiar.	It’s	the	same	bias	that	makes	people
think	 that	 more	 people	 die	 from	 motor	 vehicle	 accidents	 than	 from	 stomach
cancer.	 We	 tend	 to	 choose	 the	 one	 we	 hear	 the	 most	 about—even	 though	 the
truth	is	that	stomach	cancer	kills	twice	as	many	people	as	car	accidents.

   Another	 small	 surprise:	 The	 evidence	 suggests	 that	 it	 is	 better	 to	 be	 known
badly	 than	 not	 to	 be	 known	 at	 all.	 This	 is	 due	 to	 a	 human	 trait	 called	 attribute
forgetting.	 Let’s	 say	 you	 hear	 something	 negative	 about	 a	 company.	 As	 time
passes	you	tend	to	forget	that	negative	information—you	forget	the	attributes—
and	remember	only	the	company	name.	Then,	asked	which	company	you	have	a
better	opinion	of—that	first	company	or	another	company	you	have	never	heard
of—you	 choose	 the	 familiar	 company,	 even	 though	 everything	 you	 heard	 about
that	company	was	negative.	Familiarity	wields	that	much	power.

   You	 need	 to	 make	 yourself	 familiar	 to	 your	 prospects.	 You	 need	 to	 get	 out
there.
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