Page 20 - Handout Digital Electronics

1.4 Binary Number system (Base 2)
The binary number system uses two values to represent numbers. The values are 0 and 1. These two
values have also the interpretations of FALSE for a 0 and TRUE for a 1, LOW for a 0 and HIGH for a 1,
OFF for 0 and ON for a 1. Zero (0) has the least value, and one (1) has the greatest value. The least
value is also called the least significant bit (LSB), the greatest value the most significant bit (MSB). To
count in base two, you count 0,1, then switch to two-digit combinations, 10,11, then to three-digit
combos, 100, 101,110,111, then four digit, 1000, , , …, 1111

1.5 Octal Base System (Base 8)
The octal number system uses eight values to represent numbers. The values are 0, 1,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
with 0 having the least value and seven having the greatest value. These numbers can be used by
machine language programmers as shorthand for binary Numbers. Three binary digits are equivalent
to 1 octal
digit. For 68  1102 .
example,

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